Tunisia is a small producer of oil and natural gas. Oil production began in 1966 and peaked at 118,000 barrels / day in 1980 and stands at 63,000 in 2019. The country became a net importer in the year 2000. The country's main deposit was also the first discovered in El Borma in 1964, on the Tunisian-Algerian border. The Gulf of Gabès offers offshore production centered on the Ashtart deposit, which was put into production in 1974 by Elf Aquitaine. Gas production increased in the 2000s thanks to two offshore deposits, Miskar (producing from 2006) and Hasdrubal (2009). These two deposits are now experiencing a natural decline in production. The only refinery in the country, managed by the Tunisian Society of Refining Industries, is located in Bizerte. Its capacity is 34,000 barrels / day, a production far below the consumption of the country, which therefore imports refined products, especially diesel. Refined petroleum is also mainly imported.

Information may also be found at:http://www.mytravelcost.com/petrol-prices/ which is updated monthly. 

4.1 Tunisia Government Contact List

4.7 Tunisia Fuel Providers Contact List

Fuel Pricing

Jet Fuel price evolution in Tunisia from Jan to August 2020

Seasonal Variations 

Fuel Transportation

The Carriage of Dangerous Goods and use of Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations 2004 (CDG), as amended by The Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of Transportable Pressure Equipment (Amendment) Regulations 2005 require that petrol should be carried in UN approved containers (called Packages), which are properly stowed on the vehicle. The packages should be marked with the "flammable" diamond and with the UN number for petrol (UN 1203). Up to 333 liters may be carried as a "small load" which means that only general training needs to be given to the driver and that the vehicle only needs to carry 1 2kg fire extinguisher.

These regulations do not affect purely private carriage. Any vehicle involved in work activity and carrying more than 333 liters whether from the Private or Public sector should be fitted with appropriate hazard warning signs and the driver should receive specialized training. The vehicle should carry specific fire extinguishers and a dangerous goods safety adviser should be appointed.

Standards, Quality and Testing

As of January 2006 leaded fuel has been completely phased out of the country. On sulphur levels in fuels, Tunisia is moving to 50ppm and 15ppm. 

In order to guarantee you the best quality of products and services, Tunisia fuel companies assure these following commitments to align with the government control.

Tunisian Hydrocarbons Code: Adaptation of the permit granting process to international good practices Link

Link of Ministry of Industry news concerning the energy transitions

Disclaimer: Inclusion of company information in the LCA does not imply any business relationship between the supplier and WFP / Logistics Cluster, and is used solely as a determinant of services, and capacities.

Please note: WFP / Logistics Cluster maintain complete impartiality and are not in a position to endorse, comment on any company's suitability as a reputable service provider.

Overview

Trucking Companies for Goods

In its recent report on competition in Tunisia, the report of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OCDA) dealt with an area essential to trade at the national and international levels, namely road freight. This is an activity that alone accounts for 86% of the land transport of goods. It is even the second mode of transport of goods on an international scale, second only to maritime transport. The ambitions revolve around the modernization of the road transport infrastructure and its expansion with the aim of promoting regional junctions and further facilitating access to logistics areas. Nevertheless, regulatory restrictions hamper the optimization of prospects in this field as well as the emergence of new companies and the adjustment of the activities of existing companies according to market demands. Many constraints thus affect the regulations relating to criteria specific to the vehicle fleet. The legal framework governing the establishment of businesses seems restrictive. Without forgetting "the specific requirements on freight centers, and those relating to the power of the State to fix the prices of road transport of goods", which are problematic.

According to data from the National Institute of Statistics (INS) road transport of goods takes hold of half of the companies engaged in the transport of goods and storage. Tunisian transport and storage companies experienced a marked increase from 42,979 to 51,546 companies. However, their annual growth rate (2.3%) is lower than the average for the transport and storage sector (3.5%). The same goes for road transport of goods, which, too, recorded a decrease falling from 7.9% to 7%. Positive developments should be noted for this sector, since the number of cold stores doubled from 2008 to 2019 and the number of companies offering ancillary services to the sector quadrupled during the same period.

In 2019, the sector already had 30 non-refrigerated warehouses, 1,281 refrigerated warehouses, 475 companies providing ancillary services to land transport and 330 companies engaged in other transport support activities.

Cost of transport and fleet restrictions

It should also be noted that the regulations relating to trucks vary according to the nature of the business. A distinction is thus made between natural and legal persons. According to 2019 data, the number of legal persons active in this field increased by 90% while that of natural persons increased by 300%. Thus, the contribution of legal persons in this area fell from 35% in 2004 to 20% in 2019. However, and since 2009, the date marking the adoption of the new regulations of the Ministry of Transport, the growth rate of natural persons continues to crescendo, exceeding that of legal persons.

Tunisia has the densest road network, spanning 22,000 kilometers and counting 336 kilometers of highways. This represents an asset for road freight transport. On the other hand, the cost of road transport of goods is higher in comparison with the prices imposed in the African and Middle Eastern region.

In below some tariffs updated from the Ministry of Transport:

Transporter Contact List.

Urban Transport

Urban transport is managed by the various regional transport companies. Intercity transport is defined as transport carried out on routes beyond the perimeter of urban and regional transport. It is provided in particular by public operators such as the National Interurban Transport Company (SNTRI) and the twelve regional transport companies. four private urban and suburban public transport companies operated in the Tunis region 3:

• Collective passenger transport company (TCV);
• Tunis Urban Transport Company (TUT);
• Collective transport company (STC) which operates under the commercial identity “Transport City” 4;
• Urban and suburban transport company (TUS).

The “Société de Transport en Commun de Voyageurs (TCV)” which is a private company created in 1989 and currently operating 6 regular lines connecting Tunis to the suburbs (La Marsa, El Menzah, El Manar, Ezzouhour and the tourist region of Gammarth) and s '' extending over 156 km (round trip),

The “Société de Transport Urbain de Tunis (TUT)” which is a private company which started its activity in 1995 and which currently operates 7 regular lines out of 8 authorized connecting Tunis to the suburbs (Tunis Airport - Carthage, Radès, New Medina, El Mourouj via Autoroute, El Mourouj via Ben Arous and Cité la Gazelle, Riadh El Andalous, El Menzah 9-La Marsa and extending over 214 km (round trip),

The Société de Transport Collectif (STC) which is a private company created on July 30, 2004 and currently operating 5 regular lines connecting Tunis to the suburbs (Carthage, Raoued, Cité Ennasr, Cité Ettadhamen and Zahrouni) and extending over 236 km ( back and forth),

The Urban and Suburban Transport Company (TUS) which is a private company created on August 10, 2004 and currently operates a network made up of 17 regular lines (Tebourba, Cité Bassatine, Sidi Thabet, Cité Ettadhamen, M'hamdia, Cité El Amel , Cité Hached, Mornag, Manouba, Mansoura, Sidi Sofiane, Fouchana and Ariana) and extending over 572 km (round trip).

These private companies are aimed at a clientele willing to pay more to be transported in the best conditions of comfort.

The collective taxi is common in Tunisia where it is also known as "hire". Vans commute between the main cities of the country. As the times are not fixed, the car does not leave until it is full. Cars with blue stripes serve the outskirts of a city, while those with red stripes are for long distances.

Transport in Tunisia is almost 70% owned by the public sector. The supervision of this sector is entrusted to the Ministry of Transport, whose official mission is to provide the country with a comprehensive, economical and safe transport system and to control its proper functioning with a view to making it a factor of economic development. and social. It is made up of three sub-sectors: land transport, merchant navy and aviation.

Urban transport by taxi cars is non-regular transport comprising the following categories:

Individual taxi: it is a passenger transport service provided within an urban transport perimeter by means of a car offering a maximum of five seats, driver included and equipped with a taximeter to determine the price of the trip to the race according to the practice of undivided rental.

The number of individual taxis in Tunisia stood around at 46,000 as of December 31, 2019, of which 62% operate in Greater Tunis.

The collective taxi: it is a passenger transport service provided within an urban transport perimeter, on one or more lines following a fixed route, by means of a car not equipped with a taximeter and offering between 6 and 9 seats, including the driver's seat, and the price of which is fixed instead and calculated according to the distance traveled. The number of shared taxis is 1.332.

Private companies’ operators. Private companies that operate public transport modes, including buses, play a key role in ensuring the continuity of service, but their contribution is very low compared to that of public companies. Indeed, the 2007 figures show that their bus fleet is estimated at 160 against 1,100 buses operated by the Société des Transports de Tunis; and that the length of the network they cover is equal to 900 km against 5836 km covered by the Société des Transports de Tunis.

As for taxis, "rural transport" and rental, operating permits reached 29.3 miles, 11.6 miles and 10.5 miles respectively until the end of 2019.

Disclaimer: Inclusion of company information in the LCA does not imply any business relationship between the supplier and WFP / Logistics Cluster, and is used solely as a determinant of services, and capacities.

Please note: WFP / Logistics Cluster maintain complete impartiality and are not in a position to endorse, comment on any company's suitability as a reputable service provider.

Overview

In Tunisia, these are all people whose profile corresponds to the definition of economically active population formulated by the International Labor Organization (ILO). This definition includes people who are at work and the unemployed. Calculation methods may vary by country, particularly in the case of armed forces or seasonal and part-time employees. However, generally speaking, the total workforce includes the armed forces, the unemployed and those looking for a first job. With 62% increase in 29 years, for the entire period 1990-2019, there is an annual average of 3,426,992.13. The change recorded between the first and the last year is 62%. The highest value was recorded in 2019 (4,087,509) and the lowest value was recorded in 1990 (2,521,819). We have results for 30 years.

Based on the available data, it is estimated that in 2025 the value should oscillate around 4 223 064. This forecast presents a very high level of reliability since the available values ​​have a linear structure (correlation coefficient = 0.99 and coefficient of determination = 0.98).

In 1990, compared to the available world data, the relative share of this country was 0.11%. In 2019, this same share is 0.12%. To see a little more clearly, also compare with other countries in the region: Libya, Morocco, Mauritania.

The General Union of Tunisian Workers or is the main UGTT trade union center from Tunisia with 750 000 members. Founded on 20 January 1946 by Farhat Hached, has its headquarters in Tunis . Located mainly in the public sector, it includes 24 regional unions, 19 industry organizations and unions 21 base 1 . Some, however, criticize him centralization of power, a low representation of women, the private sector and some regions such as the Sahel .The UGTT is affiliated to the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and, in November 2006 , the International Trade Union Confederation .The union has its own newspaper (Echaâb), its travel agency , a cooperative active in the field of fisheries and mutual, and also rents Amilcar Hotel in Carthage.

https://tn.kompass.com/c/societe-tunisienne-d-equipements-de-manutention-et-de-securite/tn670831/

Unemployment (% of female labor force) in Tunisia : According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), unemployment is the situation of the workforce available for work who is looking for a job but fails to find it. The definition of unemployment and of the labor force available for work, however, varies by country. It is not easy to estimate the number of unemployed women for a variety of reasons, not least because of the discrimination which, in some quarters, prevents them from actively seeking work.

39% increase in 28 years, for the entire period 1991-2019, there is an annual average of 18.84. The change recorded between the first and the last year is 39%. The highest value was recorded in 2011 (27.42) and the lowest value was recorded in 2006 (15.15). We have results for 29 years.

Based on the available data, it is estimated that in 2025 the value should hover around 25.61. This forecast has a relatively high level of reliability since the available values have a rather linear structure, despite notable variations (correlation coefficient = 0.7 and coefficient of determination = 0.49).

In Tunisia, telecommunication and their infrastructures are widely developed. Tunisia possesses a buoyant market for telecommunications products and services. Penetration rates for fixed and mobile phones reached 138.3% in 2019.  With over 14.8 million mobile lines already, Tunisia enjoys one of the highest mobile phone subscriber rates in Africa.  In 2019, there were about 10.3 million internet subscribers, 87% of them (9 million) subscribed through their smartphones. Tunisia meets its WTO telecom service sector commitments and provides full market access and national treatment for foreign telecom service providers.  The cellular market opened to foreign competition in the early 2000; however, no U.S. carrier has actively sought cellular network licenses from the GOT.

Mobile and Fixed Telecommunication Networks

Tunisia’s mobile services market continues to expand, although at a somewhat slower pace than in previous years.  The playing field for foreign companies operating in Tunisia remains fair, with no evident competitive advantage for the state-owned telecom company, Tunisie Telecom.  Four major operators control the mobile services market.  Tunisia’s largest telecom company is Ooredoo (Orascom Telecom Tunisia).  In 2019, Ooredoo had 42.7% of the market, Tunisie Telecom 30.5%, Orange Tunisie 25.1%, and Lycamobile 1.7%.

Internet

Stimulated by the Digital Tunisia 2020 program, a five-year national ICT development plan from 2016 to 2020, a number of regulatory measures and infrastructure projects have been undertaken in order to improve internet connectivity all over Tunisia.

Tunisie Telecom is Tunisia’s leading provider of international internet connectivity.  The company manages three sub-sea cables; one of them, a 112-mile fiber-optic cable, is owned and operated by Tunisie Telecom and connects the city of Kelibia in Tunisia with the Italian city of Mazara.  In 2014, private telecom operators Ooredoo and Orange Tunisie started operating their own sub-sea cable.  These two cables are considered among the most important telecommunications connections in the Mediterranean and ensure the country’s digital independence.  Not only did the cables augment Tunisia’s international internet bandwidth capacity to 780 gigabytes per second in 2019, but they also enhanced Tunisia’s IT connection and broadband capacity sufficiently to enable the delivery of high-speed internet service elsewhere in Africa.  This makes Tunisia a strong potential regional IT hub. In 2009, Tunisia awarded the first third generation (3G) mobile license to Orange Tunisie, followed by Tunisie Telecom in 2010 and Ooredoo in 2012.  In March 2016, the Ministry of Communication Technologies and Digital Economy awarded a 4G license to all three operators for a total amount of 471 million dinars ($235 million).

In December 2017, the GOT awarded the first license for an IT infrastructure operator to the consortium Level 4, which was formed by the state-run Tunisian Internet Agency, EO Datacenter (Tunisian data center company), and Iskaya (Turkish telecommunication service provider).  The Level 4 license provides telecom operators and internet service providers (ISPs) high-speed broadband infrastructure.

In 2019, Tunisia’s Ministry of Communication Technologies and Digital Transformation announced that Tunisia will launch fifth generation (5G) services no later than 2021.   Because the introduction of 5G would require additional infrastructure investment, the National Telecommunication Authority (INTT) awarded a contract to an international consultancy to conduct a feasibility study on the social and economic impact of 5G technology.  The study is expected to be completed by the end of 2020.

Cloud

The GOT has begun developing a nationwide private cloud to progressively establish an e-government network with the purpose of improving information sharing among ministries.  Moreover, Tunisia is working on establishing a digital identity platform for individuals and businesses to ensure reliable interactions with government agencies.  In a joint venture, Microsoft and Cisco provided a cloud platform for the GOT in March 2019.  

Through its four telecom licenses for fixed lines and the availability of 3G and 4G mobile phone technology, Tunisia has made a progress toward high-speed mobile internet and high-capacity data transmission, creating opportunities for U.S. technology sales.  Chinese companies such as Huawei bid aggressively on telecommunications tenders.  Siemens, Alcatel, and Ericsson are the major European competitors in the sector.

Web Resources

• Ministry of Communication Technologies and Digital Transformation mincom.tn 
• National Telecom Authority intt.tn
• National Internet Agency (ATI) ati.tn
• Tunisian Postal Service poste.tn
• Foreign Investment Promotion Agency (FIP Telecommunication in Tunisia and their infrastructures are widely developed A) investintunisia.tn

Telecommunications in Tunisia includes telephones (fixed and mobile), radio, television, and the Internet. The Ministry of Communication Technologies, a cabinet-level governmental agency, is in charge of organizing the sector.

At the same time, Tunisia has undertaken to open up this sector to competition in application of its commitments to the General Agreement on Trade in Services and in preparation for the negotiations underway at the WTO. In this context, several important actions have been taken to update the regulatory framework. The incumbent operator, Tunisie Telecom, remained for a long time the sole supplier of most basic services, notably fixed telephony. Three operators also share the mobile telephony market: Tunisie Telecom, Ooredoo - which has acquired its license for 680 million dinars - and Orange Tunisie.

In March 2016, the three operators began marketing 4G, used mainly for Internet connection. The Tunisian Internet Agency manages the web network at the national level and the national top level domain: .tn. In addition, electronic commerce is virtually non-existent, in particular due to a problem of secure online payment methods, just like IP telephony.

In aspects of new technology, the country is also trying to develop the new technology sector. The El Ghazala hub, in the suburbs of Tunis, already hosts some heavyweights in the sector (Alcatel, Ericsson or STMicroelectronics) convinced of the competitiveness of Tunisian engineers. Indeed, for equal skills, their salary is half that of a French engineer. Exports of call center services are also experiencing significant development: there are currently more than seven centers with foreign participation, six of which are fully exporters, employing a total of over 1,100 people. Technical factors specific to Tunisia include the high number of qualified agents, mastery of the French language and the competitive cost of its workforce compared to that of competing countries.

With Televisions, the country has:

• Broadcast radio stations: seven AM radios, twenty FM radios and two shortwave radios (1998)
• TV broadcasting stations: 26 TV stations and 76 rebroadcasting stations (1995).
• In 1997, there were 2.06 million radios and 920,000 television sets.

Telecommunication Regulations

Should be available in who wants to get License for a virtual network operator Telecom following conditions:

• Be Tunisian citizen 
• Capital of not less than one hundred and fifty (150 ) thousand dinars owned Nominally and by a majority of Tunisians ,
• Moral Tunisian nationality and that of the holders of a higher education Or equivalent certificate or a certificate of formation of the mentioned level view In the areas of media , communications, multimedia ,
• Moral pure criminal record and not be in conflict with the state
• Terms of practicing business in accordance with the legislation in force , Not be a recipe public network operator Telecom or his Direct contribution to the capital of a public network operator Telecom
• Obtained a license in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 19 of the Journal of Communication ,
• Not to be a public network operator Telecom Laureate . Leave in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 19 of the Journal of Communication contribution Directly or indirectly, in the capital or in the capital of a Its shareholders .

The payment as follows:

• An amount of fifty thousand dinars ( 50 000 d) paid one time once you get the license ,
• annual pay calculated by the ministry

According to the Article 2, the dashes from 19 to 27 are added by article 2 of law n ° 2008-1 of January 8, 2008 and the dashes from 28 to 33 are added by article 2 of law n ° 2013-10 of 12 April 2013).

For the purposes of this code, the following terms are understood to mean:

• Telecommunications: any method of transmitting, broadcasting or receiving signals by means of metallic, optical or radioelectric media;
• Radio frequencies: the frequencies of electromagnetic waves used in telecommunications in accordance with international rules in force;
• Scarce resources: radio frequencies, numbering and addressing;
• Telecommunications network: all the equipment and systems providing telecommunications;
• Public telecommunications network: the telecommunications network open to the public;
• Private telecommunications network: telecommunications network reserved for private use or for use by a closed group of users for special purposes within the framework of the common interest;
• Telecommunications network operator: any legal person holding a "license" for the operation of a public telecommunications network;
• "license": privilege offered to a legal person under an agreement for the installation and operation of a public telecommunications network;
• Interconnection: connection of two or more public telecommunications networks;
• Telecommunications service: any service providing telecommunications between two or more users;
• "Universal services" telecommunications: minimum telecommunications services to be provided to the public according to technological developments in the field;
• Television broadcasting services: telecommunications services ensuring the transmission and broadcasting of radio and television programs by means of radio frequencies;

Existing Humanitarian Telecoms Systems

Overview

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Tunisia was worth 38.80 billion US dollars in 2019, according to official data from the World Bank and projections from Trading Economics. The GDP value of Tunisia represents 0.03 percent of the world economy. This page contains the latest international trade data for Tunisia, including service trade data, and tariffs. In 2018 Tunisia was the number 96 economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 79 in total exports, the number 78 in total imports, and the number 64 most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). In 2018, Tunisia exported $15.2B and imported $20.2B, resulting in a negative trade balance of -$4.96B. In 2018, Tunisia's exports per capita were $1.32k and its imports per capita were $1.75k.

Agriculture in Tunisia is a very important economic sector. In 2012, it generated 8.5% - 11.5% if we add agri-food - of the national GDP and provides 15% of jobs. The main agricultural products of the country are cereals (wheat and barley), olives, dates and citrus fruits for the vegetable sector and sheep for the animal sector. The olive and phoenicultural sectors are largely export-oriented. Olive growing accounted for 40% of national exports in 2017 and comes just second behind the textile sector.

Generic country information can be located from sources which are regularly maintained and reflect current facts and figures. For a general overview of country data related to the service and supply sectors, please consult to following sources: The Observatory of Economic Complexity – MIT (OEC): (https://oec.world/en/profile/country/tun)

Processing of cereals and derivatives

The processing of cereals and derivatives is an important activity in the agri-food sector, insofar as it processes a staple product and provides many jobs. It should be noted that the activity of this branch is constantly evolving whatever the performance of agriculture, since the possible cereal deficit caused by years of drought is, in any case, made up by imports.

• First processing units - flour-semolina mill: There are currently 28 mills (compared to 21 in 1994) with a processing capacity of 110,000 quintals / day, or nearly 33 million quintals per year, on the basis of 300 working days against 18 million quintals at the beginning of the years. 90, ie an almost doubling of capacities in 10 years. These units supply a local market whose level of consumption tends to peak at the level of 20 million quintals. This translates into average exploitation rates below 60% of current production capacity. The flour mills employ around 2,500 people, with a management rate of 6%.
• Secondary processing units - Bakeries: The bakery branch occupies the first position in terms of number of units in all the agri-food industries, with more than 2,400 bakeries.

The units are located all over the country and continue to see their number increase, given the development of town planning and the creation of new cities in large cities, despite a certain decline in the level of bread consumption per capita. inhabitant. The production capacity of bread is of the order of 1.5 million tonnes / year, which is double the national consumption of this product. In 2012, bread production reached 847,000 tonnes against 817,000 tonnes in 2008, an increase of 4%.

• Pasta and couscous: The pasta and couscous activity have around twenty units, of which only 16 are in production (9 manufacture pasta, 3 manufacture couscous and 4 mixed units).

These units provide around 1,000 permanent jobs (700 for the production of pasta and 300 for the manufacture of couscous). In 2018 the production of pasta and couscous reached 321,000 tons. Five units, integrated into semolina factories, provide 80% of pasta production and 50% of couscous production.

The manufacture of fresh pasta, in some artisan establishments, such as caterers and pizzerias, is developing.

• Concentrated feed: The concentrated feed branch has undergone significant development in recent years. It currently has around 200 production units, of which 53 are state-owned, the rest in the private sector. The production capacity is estimated at around 2.6 million tons per year distributed at a rate of 49% in the North, 40% in the Center and 11% in the South. The capacity utilization rate is only 35%.

In terms of working with cereals, a distinction should be made between 1st and 2nd processing. The primary processing factories meet the country's needs in flour and semolina. These units are well distributed over the country. They process local and imported raw materials to ensure self-sufficiency.

As for the secondary processing industry (pasta and couscous units, biscuits, biscuits and bakeries), it is experiencing an average increase in consumption of 3.5% for basic products, such as pasta, couscous and bread, and 2% for other products: biscuit, rusk, pastry. This development, almost equivalent to population growth, is considered moderate, and is explained by the saturation of the local market.

The pasta and couscous branch of activity is expected to experience an increase in production of 5% for pasta and 3% for couscous, it being understood that companies are called upon to continue their upgrading programs. and consolidate the gains in quality assurance and the export trend developed in recent years.

Processing of tomatoes

Production: Tunisia is among the top 10 tomato processing countries in the world and occupies sixth place among AMITOM countries. In terms of DCT use, Tunisia ranks first globally, with an average consumption of around 50 kg / year / capita. The same consumption does not exceed 35 kg in the USA and 24 kg in Italy. Canned tomatoes represent around 90% of the activity of canned vegetables and fruit, with an annual processing average of around 600,000 tons of fresh tomatoes. In terms of diversification, production remains focused on a single product, namely DCT. Other varieties of products, such as simple tomato paste, triple tomato paste (32/36%), peeled tomatoes, and other products derived from tomatoes (Ketchup, tomato coulis, sun-dried tomatoes, powdered tomatoes, based sauces tomato ...) are produced in very small quantities. The transformation in 2017 was carried out by 27 units among the 30 existing ones.

Quantities: Processed at the end of the campaign reached 804,000 tons of fresh tomatoes, with a DCT production of 134,000 tons.

Special Pole of the Enterprises in Tunisia promoting the agri-food activities and Food consumption:

1. The Bizerte Competitiveness Cluster – (Pole de Competitivité de Bizerte PCB): he Bizerte Competitiveness Cluster is part of the National strategy for the promotion of the agrifood sector of the XIth Development Plan, it brings together three components:

The Technopôle is the coordinator-coordinator of the Tunisian agrifood sector. It complements the various organizations and institutions that already exist. In accordance with the national Technopoles program in Tunisia, the Bizerte Agri-food Technopole with a national vocation is based on 3 pillars:

1. Research and development
2. Training
3. Production

The interaction between these 3 elements will promote the creation of synergies, the promotion of innovation and the increase of competitiveness.

National Institute of Consumption (INC)

Created by the Law No. 2008-70 of November 10, 2008, establishing the National Institute of Consumption (INC). In the name of the people,

• The Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Advisors having adopted,
• The President of the Republic promulgates the law, the content of which follows:

Art. 1 - A public administrative establishment, with legal personality and financial autonomy, called the national consumer institute is created.

The National Consumer Institute is placed under the supervision of the Minister for Trade.

Art. 2 - The mission of the institute is to provide technical support to organizations and institutions concerned with the fields of consumption. It also contributes to the promotion of consumer information, their orientation and the rationalization of their behavior.

To this end, the institute is notably responsible for the following missions:

• carry out, on its own initiative or at the request of public authorities or consumer protection organizations, analyzes and comparative tests on products by laboratories authorized for this purpose and / or accredited,
• carry out studies and research on the scientific, economic, legal and social aspects of the consumption of goods and services,
• contribute to the development and collection of scientific, technical and legal documents related to the areas of consumption, ensure their conservation and make them operational,
• publish the results of analyzes and comparative tests, inform consumers and professionals of the content of these results and make them available to the authorities and institutions concerned, publish the results of studies and research relating to the consumption of goods and services,
• inform consumer of everything related to the areas of consumption,
• cooperate with similar national and international institutions.

The institute performs any other mission, which will be entrusted to it by the supervisory authority, within the framework of its attributions.

Art. 3 - The administrative and financial organization as well as the operating procedures of the national consumer institute are set by decree on a proposal from the minister responsible for trade.

Art. 4 - The Institute's receipts consist of:

• grants and subsidies granted by the State and other legal persons or by national and international institutions and organizations,
• income from the sale of its publications or remunerating its services,
• income from the management of its property,
• donations and bequests.

Art. 5 - In the event of the dissolution of the institute, its property will be returned to the State, which will execute the commitments entered into by the institute under the regulations in force.

This law will be published in the Official Journal of the Republic of Tunisia and executed as law of the State. Tunis, November 10, 2008.

• Carry out, on its own initiative or at the request of public authorities or consumer defense organizations, analyzes and comparative tests on products by laboratories authorized for this purpose and / or accredited
• Carry out studies and research on the scientific, economic, legal and social aspects of the consumption of goods and services
• Contribute to the development and collection of scientific, technical and legal documents related to the areas of consumption, ensure their conservation and make them operational
• Publish the results of analyzes and comparative tests, inform consumers and professionals of the content of these results and make them available to the authorities and institutions concerned.
• Publish the results of studies and research relating to the consumption of goods and services. Inform the consumer of everything related to the areas of consumption.
• Cooperate with similar national and international institutions

The institute performs any other mission, which will be entrusted to it by the supervisory authority, within the framework of its attributions.

For information on Tunisia Food and Additional Suppliers, please see the following link: 4.10 Tunisia Supplier Contact List.

Disclaimer: Inclusion of company information in the LCA does not imply any business relationship between the supplier and WFP / Logistics Cluster, and is used solely as a determinant of services, and capacities.

Please note: WFP / Logistics Cluster maintain complete impartiality and are not in a position to endorse, comment on any company's suitability as a reputable se

Overview

Manufacturing industries in Tunisia have around 5,800 companies employing 10 or more people. The “Textiles and Clothing” sector represents 36% of units employing 10 or more people. It is followed by the Agro-food industries (18%). There are 2,740 completely exporting companies, or 48% of the industrial fabric. Manufacturing Industries employs 485,895 people. The Textiles and Clothing sector is the main generator of labor with 41% of the workforce in manufacturing industries.

For more information about the handling equipments and their location please refer to this link

4.11 COUNTRY NAME Additional Services Contact List.

Electricity and Power

Tunisia is a small producer of oil and natural gas. Oil production began in 1966, peaked at 118,000 barrels / day in 1980 and stood at 63,000 in 2015. The country is a net importer from the year 2000. The country's main deposit is also the first to be discovered: El Borma, in 1964, at the Tunisian-Algerian border.

The Gulf of Gabès offers offshore production centered on the Ashtart field, put into production in 1974 by, at the time, Elf Aquitaine3. Gas production increased in the 2000s thanks to two offshore fields, Miskar (producing from 2006) and Hasdrubal (2009). These two deposits are now experiencing a natural decline in production.

Refining: The country's only refinery, managed by the Tunisian Society of Refining Industries, is located in Bizerte. Its capacity is 34,000 barrels / day, i.e. a production much lower than the consumption of the country, which therefore imports refined products, diesel in the lead. Refined petroleum is also mainly imported.

Natural gas transit: The Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline, one of the gas pipelines that allow the export of Algerian gas to Italy, crosses Tunisian territory. It has been in operation since 1983. In return for crossing its territory, Tunisia is entitled to 5.625% of the gas, in kind or in cash, in accordance with a treaty of 1977. The capacity of the Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline is gradually increased, also increasing the Tunisian quota which, added to national production and gas purchased directly from Algeria, ensures the country's consumption.

Consumption: According to the Energy Information Administration, Tunisia's consumption in 2015 stood at 98,000 barrels / day. Natural gas consumption is around 6.5 km3, more than half of which is imported via the Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline. 70% of the gas is used for the production of electricity.

Electricity sector and renewable energies: The International Energy Agency reports an electricity production of 19-25 TWh for 2014-2019, compared to 10.5 TWh in 2000. The Tunisian Electricity and Gas Company (STEG), a public company, provides three quarters of production. The network operates at 50 Hertz and the voltage at the domestic level is 230 Volts. Almost all of Tunisian electricity (18 TWh) is produced by thermal power stations burning natural gas, the largest being located in Sousse. Wind power is the country's second largest source of electricity; a capacity of 305 MW was installed in a few years. The British company TuNur Ltd defends a major project in solar energy, which would consist in building in stages 4,500 MW of thermodynamic solar power plants in southern Tunisia, and exporting electricity to Malta first, then the 'Italy and finally France.

CONSUMPTION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS: The national demand for petroleum products, recorded between January 2016 and January 2017 an increase of 8% to stand at 387 ktep. This increase is mainly due to the increase in demand for LPG by 22% and diesel by 11%.

However, the structure of the consumption of petroleum products did not change significantly between January 2016 and January 2017. The consumption of road fuels in January 2017 increased by 10% compared to January 2016 when demand fell abnormally by 8%. It represents 58% of the total consumption of petroleum products. Consumption of regular diesel increased by 9%, unleaded petrol by 5% and diesel 50 by 23%. The following graph illustrates the overall monthly consumption of road fuels from January 2014 which continues to follow an irregular trend. Regular diesel covers 66% of the total demand for road fuels and accounts for 38% of the total demand for petroleum products and 18% of the total primary energy demand in January 2017.

PLANNED NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION AND CAPACITY

Electricity Production in Tunisia reached 1,763 GWh in Jun 2020, compared with 1,491 GWh in the previous month. Electricity Production data of Tunisia is updated monthly averaging at 1,349 GWh from Sep 2006 to Jun 2020. The data reached an all-time high of 2,360 GWh in Jul 2019 and a record low of 940 GWh in Feb 2007. The National Statistics Institute provides monthly Electricity Generation.

Financial Services

The Tunisian financial system includes the Central Bank of Tunisia, 2 3 resident banks, 7 offshore banks, 13 financial establishments: including 2 investment banks, 8 leasing establishments, 2 factoring companies. The financial landscape also includes the National Post Office, the Financial Market Council, the Tunis Stock Exchange, Tunisia Clearing, investment companies and collective investment undertakings in transferable securities. The banking system has managed to set up a large network of representations and agencies. There are currently more than 1905 agencies, or approximately one agency for 5,775 inhabitants.

Central Bank of Tunisia: Created on September 19, 1958, the Central Bank of Tunisia is a public establishment endowed with civil personality and financial autonomy. Law No. 2016-35 of April 25, 2016 establishing the status of the Central Bank assigned the main objective of the bank to ensure price stability.

The BCT contributes to financial stability so as to support the achievement of the State's economic policy objectives, including in the areas of development and employment as well. It also ensures optimal coordination between monetary policy and the economic policy of the State.

The BCT is responsible in particular:

• to conduct and implement monetary policy;
• the application of laws and regulations relating to foreign exchange;
• to hold and manage foreign exchange reserves and gold;
• work to ensure the stability, efficiency and security of payment systems, while taking into account the particularities of Islamic finance;
• supervision of banks and financial institutions and regulation of banking activity;
• to issue and maintain fiat currency and facilitate its circulation in Tunisia;
• to act as cashier and state financial agent;
• to act as financial advisor to the Government and to give an opinion on economic and financial matters when requested to do so;
• to collect and manage all data related to the exercise of its missions;
• to contribute to the conduct and implementation of macro-prudential policy with a view to preventing and mitigating systemic risk;
• to work to protect users of banking services.

The banks carry out, as usual, the collection of deposits whatever the duration and the form and the provision, at the disposal of the customers, of the means of payment, in order to carry out the other banking operations: the operations of 'granting of credits in all their forms; leasing operations; Islamic factoring and banking operations. Banks may, without prejudice to the special financial legislation in force and within the limits of the exceptions provided for by law, carry out operations related to banking services, in particular advice, assistance in financial management and financial engineering; services intended to facilitate the creation, development and restructuring of companies, the acquisition of a stake in the capital of companies and the management of wealth and assets. Each approved bank is an approved intermediary to carry out foreign exchange transactions within the meaning of foreign exchange regulations.

Investment banks: are financial institutions that carry out all of the following operations, as a specialized activity:

• the granting of financing to companies, with a view to strengthening their own funds,
• the granting, for the benefit of companies, of bridging loans, the repayment period of which does not exceed one year, in connection with financial engineering operations,
• the acquisition of a stake in the context of restructuring operations, including the retrocession commitment within a period not exceeding five years.

There are currently 2 investment banks:

• CAPITAL AFRICAN PARTNERS "CAP BANK",
• International Maghreb Merchant Bank (IMBank).

Banks and non-resident financial institutions: The conditions for carrying out banking operations and the methods of supervision of banks and non-resident financial institutions within the meaning of foreign exchange legislation are defined by Law No. 2016-48 on banks and financial institutions. The provisions of the code for the provision of financial services to non-residents promulgated by Law No. 2009-64 of 12 August 2009 apply to banks and non-resident financial institutions as long as they are not derogated from them by the provisions of Law No. 2016-48.

Non-resident banks are allowed to:

• Collect deposits from non-residents regardless of duration and form;
• Grant loans to non-residents in all their forms;
• Ensure foreign exchange transactions with non-residents and within the limits authorized by the laws and regulations in force with residents;
• Receive deposits from residents in dinars within certain legal limits;
• Participate through its own foreign currency resources in the capital of resident companies;
• Using its own resources, grant resident companies medium and long-term financing,
• Using its foreign currency resources, finance import and export operations carried out by residents;
• Grant financing through its resources in dinars for the benefit of residents with the exception of financing of consumption and housing;

There are currently 7 non-resident banks, namely:

• Citibank (citibank) - Tunis,
• Tunisian Foreign Bank (TFBank) -Tunis,
• Tunis International Bank (TIB),
• North Africa International Bank (NAIB),
• ALUBAF International Bank (ALUBAF) -Tunis,
• Arab Banking Corporation (ABC) - Tunis,
• LINC (Bank approved but not currently in operation). 

Tunisian Post

The Tunisian Post (Arabic: البريد التونسي), trade name of the Tunisian National Post Office, is the Tunisian public postal service company. Since January 1, 1999, following the withdrawal of telephony activities, the Tunisian Post has been an industrial and commercial establishment focused on two main activities: the collection, transport and distribution of mail, as well as the operation and the provision of financial services as well as various services: traditional such as the production and sale of stamps and new such as a set of computer services.

It continued its quantitative and qualitative development which enabled it to obtain, in 2002, the ISO 9002 quality assurance certificate for its rapid mail delivery subsidiary, Rapid-Poste. It is also improving the country's postal coverage thanks to its 1,054 post offices. Its mail activities totaled around 95 million ordinary mail delivered in 2019. Its financial activities make it the leading financial institution, attracting 3,950,000 savers and 2,023,000 current postal account holders.

Clearing and Forwarding Agents

In Tunisia, the clearing agent acts on behalf of the shipper (importer or exporter depending on the INCO Terms) and arranges for the customs clearances of the imported goods. The role entails: collecting payment from the shipper for duties and taxes / VAT and making payment to Customs / SARS authorities.

Here the link of their list updated: https://www.freightforwarderservices.com/tunisia/

Handling Equipment

 Link of the Tunisian companies/corporation on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Tunisia

https://tn.kompass.com/c/societe-tunisienne-d-equipements-de-manutention-et-de-securite/tn670831/

Waste Management and Disposal Services

In Tunisia, priority in the national strategy for solid waste management the last few years has been the strengthening of the two main links in the chain of management of household and similar waste, namely:

• Building logistics, human and organizational capacities for municipalities in charge of waste collection and transportation;
• The design and implementation of a regional process of waste transfer and disposal based on the principle of one landfill per governorate (or island) and one transfer station per city (commune or town) and the establishment of accompanying measures for the treatment of generated leachate and methane flaring.
• Despite great efforts to improve the household and similar waste management process, there is still much to review and do as well on the strategy level as on the operational level. To manage this challenging post- revolutionary period involves several actions and initiatives:
• Developaclearnationalstrategytothepublicinthemanagementofhouseholdandassimilatedwaste and mobilize the legal, institutional and financial resources for its implementation;
• Strengthen financial, logistics, human and organizational capacities and planning and training for the communities and rural councils, to remove regularly and efficiently the generated household waste;
• Finally solve the social problems of agents working in the sector (casual staff in public and private companies);
• Implementation of a communication and awareness plan for crisis suited for this post-revolutionary period;
• Enable the construction of regional landfills and transfer centres related and planned in the governorates of the country.

Link of the waste management companies in Tunisia: https://www.environmental-expert.com/waste-recycling/companies/location-tunisia

Waste Disposal – Non-Hazardous

According to the given standards during the planning phase, the treatment centre consists of three major treatment and disposal facilities:

• Laboratory for Waste analysis and quality control
• Stabilization/solidification (STASO)
• Chemical Physical Treatment (CPT)
• Landfill
• Intermediate storage for non-treatable waste

Waste which, due to its chemical and physical parameters, cannot be treated in the plant facilities is stored temporarily in a storage hall. The general process scheme is given below:

Waste Disposal – Hazardous

Theoretically, industrial waste collection poses fewer problems in the sense that regulations require the waste producer to inform the ANGed about it and to ensure its transportation to the landfill indicated by the agency. To implement this, a control, monitoring and traceability procedure was set up by the ANGed. A hazardous waste treatment unit, established in JRADOU, has gone into operation with a treatment capacity of 90,000 tons per year. This unit was opened in 2009, but it currently treats 1,000 tons per month and Liquid waste undergoes physical treatment in order to separate the solid and liquid components, then a chemical treatment to decompose and modify the chemical properties of hazardous components so as to reduce the chemical effects, which are considered as the source of the hazard. The liquids which cannot be treated at the unit, such as PCBs are shipped abroad for incineration .
The solid waste may be either directly buried if they carry no risk or treated beforehand through stabilization then solidification, or physical-chemical treatment. The final product is then buried.

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