3 Turkmenistan Logistics Services
Turkmenistan Logistics Services
The current stage of socio-economic transformations in
Turkmenistan is a period of institutional reforms aimed at the
creation of efficient market mechanisms. The main national
interests in the economy are concentrated in the following areas:
increase in economic competitiveness and its effectiveness and
sustainability, elimination of structural disparities and
integration into the global economy. The transport system is
becoming the basis for Turkmenistan’s effective integration into
the global community with a status that corresponds to the level of
a highly developed state.
At present, a steady increase in the role of the transport industry
in the country’s economy is being observed. The share of transport
and communications in the country’s GDP equates to 4.5% in
2011.
Turkmenistan has a wide variety of modern transport and possesses a widely ramified network of rail, air, road and sea transport and a well developed system of pipelines. The overall length of railway tracks is more than 3,500km, and the length roads is 13,700km,12,300km of which have hard road surfacing. Large-scale works are being carried out in Turkmenistan to modernise its road transport infrastructure in order to activate trade and economic cooperation not only in the Central Asian region but also on a global scale. A clear example of modern advanced construction is the flyover constructed on the highway connecting the international airport in Turkmenbashi City and the Avaza national tourist zone. Chandybil Avenue, which has been attested by the CETE APAVE Cudeurope Certificate and which conforms to the standards of the American Association of State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and European standards is another infrastructure project that has been commissioned.
Modern types of transport are regularly purchased in the country, including the Boeing aircraft, diesel locomotives and railway cars, sea transport (tankers, bulk carriers, etc.), various kinds of road transport vehicles and agricultural machinery. A new, state-of-the-art airport has been put into operation in Turkmenbashi City that accommodates 800 passengers per hour and up toxic aircraft at one time. The airport is equipped with the latest technologies and provides passenger and crew comfort, which significantly promotes the development of tourism in the region. This airport serves airliners flying from South and South-West Asia and is set to become an important transit point. Taking into account the commissioned freight terminals, the Turkmenbashi airport is also a major modern freight hub.
The reconstruction of landing strips in accordance with international standards and the recommended ICAO practice is being carried out at all airports in Turkmenistan. In addition, the works to further develop the competitive international airport in Ashgabat are continuing The main objectives of water transport are the execution of state orders and assignments for freight transport in the Turkmen sector of the Caspian Sea and along the inland waterways of Turkmenistan, ensuring normal operation of the fleet, pontoon and ferry crossings and marine and river landing stages in the transport and handling of freight, which are of strategic importance for the national economy and necessary in order to ensure the activities affecting the daily lives of the country’s population
3.1 Turkmenistan Fuel
Turkmenistan Fuel
4.1 Turkmenistan Government Contact List
For a historical overview of the fuel sector in Turkmenistan, the organisational strucutre of Turkmenistan's Oil and Gas Industry and for further information on Fuel Authorities, please select the following document:
Turkmenistan Fuel Additional Information
Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.
Fuel Pricing
In 2008, there was an immense price hike in Turkmenistan, bringing prices up to 2000% of the old price. At the same time the government intruduced a regulation, that every car owner gets the first 120 litres of Diesel or gasoline for free every month
For further information on Fuel Supply and Storage as well as on Fuel Demand, please select the following document:
Turkmenistan Fuel
Additional Information
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Fuel Prices as of: Jun 2013 (local currency and US$) |
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Petrol (per litre) |
0.22 US$ |
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Diesel (per litre) |
0.20 US$ |
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Paraffin (per litre) |
n/a |
| Jet A1 (per litre) | n/a |
Seasonal Variations
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Seasonal Variations |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Are there national priorities in the availability of fuel? (Yes / No) |
Yes |
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Is there a rationing system? (Yes / No) |
Yes |
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Is fuel to lower income/vulnerable groups subsidized? (Yes / No) |
Yes |
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Can the local industry expand fuel supply to meet humanitarian needs? (Yes / No) |
Yes |
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Is it possible for a humanitarian organization to contract directly a reputable supplier/distributor to provide its fuel needs? (Yes / No) |
Yes |
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Fuel Transportation
How is internal transportation of fuel products carried out?
Fuel & Gasoline distributed with Tank Trucks , Gas distributed with a wide network of pipelines
Is the transportation infrastructure and fleet sufficient to handle current domestic needs as well as increased demand from the humanitarian community? Yes
Standards, Quality and Testing
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Industry Control Measures |
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Tanks with adequate protection against water mixing with the fuel (Yes / No) |
Yes | |
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Filters in the system, monitors where fuel is loaded into aircraft (Yes / No) |
Yes | |
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Adequate epoxy coating of tanks on trucks (Yes / No) |
Yes | |
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Presence of suitable fire fighting equipment (Yes / No) |
Yes | |
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Standards Authority |
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Is there a national or regional standards authority? (Yes / No) |
Yes | |||||
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If yes, are the standards adequate/properly enforced? (Yes / No) |
Adequate | |||||
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Testing Laboratories |
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Are there national testing laboratories? (Yes / No) |
Yes | |||||
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Fuel Quality Testing Laboratory – INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE |
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Name |
Mr. Palvan Taganov, Director of the Co-ordinating Unit |
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Address |
92, Kemine Str., Ashgabat 744000, Turkmenistan |
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Telephone and Fax |
Tel: +993 12 351020 Tel 2: +993 12 353114 Fax: +993 12 393120 |
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Contact |
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Standards Used n/a |
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3.2 Turkmenistan Transporters
Turkmenistan Transporters
For information on Turkmenistan Transporter contact details, please see the following link:
4.4 Turkmenistan Transporter Contact List
3.3 Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers
Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers: Vehicle Rental, Taxi Companies, Freight Forwarding Agents, Handling Equipment, Power Generation and ISPs
For information on Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers contact details, please see the following link:
4.5 Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers
Vehicle Rental
It currently appears impossible to rent a self drive car in Turkmenistan. you have to take a Government approved guide when travelling outside Ashgabat
Taxi Companies
For a list of taxi companies operating in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, please select the contact list above.
Freight Forwarding Agents
For a list of freight forwarding agents operating in Turkmenistan, please select the contact list above.
Handling Equipment
For a list of freight forwarding agents operating in Turkmenistan, please select the contact list above.
Electricity and Power
Installed power generation capacity : 4,104MW. About 40% is
constituted of gas-turbine generators. Apart from the Russian
Federation, Turkmenistan has the largest proven gas reserves of any
of the former Soviet republics – believed to be the fourth largest
in the world at 22.9 trillion m3. Many gas fields have been
discovered in the west near the Caspian Sea but the most
significant resources are located in the Amu-Daria Basin in the
east. The natural gas deposits have so far proven too risky for
international oil and gas companies to exploit.
Virtually all electricity and heat are generated from natural gas
because of the country’s significant reserves. The Power Sector
Development Strategy stipulates that electric power production will
be increased up to 35.5 billion kWh by 2030, supported by the
construction of three gas-fired plants with a combined capacity of
1.12GW. Large sections of the population do not pay for electricity
because of state subsidies. These subsidies tend to render market
conditions for renewable energy (RE) projects unfavourable.
Electricity Generation
The electrical grid system is inefficient, poorly maintained and requires upgrade. In February 2010, Schneider Electric of France and ENEX of Belgium were contracted to upgrade the electricity networks in the capital, Ashgabat. The modernization of the system will be conducted in three phases and is expected to be completed in 2017. For further information on Hydro, Wind, Solar, BIomass and Geothermal Energy generation as well as on Energy Distribution and Supply Electricity, please select the following document:
Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers Additional Information
Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
Turkmenistan gained access to the Internet in 1997 through a contract with MCI Communications (later became MCI WorldCom). A small number of independent Internet Service Providers were forced out of business in 2001 when TurkmenTelecom was granted a monopoly over data services. Dependence on expensive satellite channels limited the availability of Internet to only two thousand subscribers. To upgrade the Internet backbone, Ministry of Communication signed a contract with TATA Communications for routing traffic through Transit-Asia-Europe fiber optic channel. As a result of this development, TurkmenTelecom started offering an access to the higher speed Internet with ADSL to the consumers in Ashgabat. In 2008, MTS started offering Internet service to mobile subscribers via GPRS. Altyn Asyr was first to launch 3G and 2 mpbs mobile internet service in March 2010. Move surprised mobile customers as the provider was known for inferior but cheaper service. Country code (Top level domain): TM
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Internet Service Providers |
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Are there ISPs available? (Yes / No) |
Yes | ||
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Private or Government |
n/a |
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Dial-up only (Yes / No) |
No |
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Approximate Rates |
Dial-up: |
2Mbps = USD6,821 per month. |
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Broadband: |
n/a |
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Max leasable ‘dedicated’ bandwidth |
n/a |
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3.4 Turkmenistan Manual Labor Costs
Turkmenistan Manual Labor Costs
The labor force comprised 1,923,000 people, of whom 1,571,000 (almost 46 percent of the population) were employed in the national economy. Over half of this number worked in state enterprises--a number that is expected to decline in general and to vary radically from sector to sector during the transitional phases of privatization.
37 percent of the workforce was in agricultural and 15 percent in industrial employment; however, one-fourth of industrial employment was in industries related to agriculture. Between 1970 and 1990, the percentage of the workforce employed in industry decreased slightly from 23.4 to 20.0 percent. The share of the agricultural sector within the workforce rose slightly in this period from 38.4 to 41.1 percent. In transportation and communications, the percentages were 7.0 and 6.3, respectively, while in the sectors of health, education, social services, arts and sciences, they rose from 16.5 to 18.6 percent. The state apparatus maintained a share ranging from 2.9 percent of the labor force in 1970 to 2.5 in 1989.
In 1989, some 62.5 percent of all workers were employed at state enterprises, 22.3 percent on collective farms, 1.1 percent in cooperatives (up from 0 in 1986), 0.1 percent in individual labor (a constant percentage since 1970), and 14.1 percent in private plots (up from 8.5 percent in 1970, largely at the expense of the collective farm percentage).
Figures from 1989 for the distribution of the populace according to source of sustenance show that of the entire population of Turkmenistan, 40.6 percent worked in the national economy, 1.9 percent held stipends, 10.9 percent were pensioners and others receiving state welfare, 46.5 percent were dependents and those employed only on individual supplemental endeavors, and 0.1 percent had other unspecified means of subsistence.
The national minimum wage is a critical component of the macro-level "price-wage feedback" in inflationary processes; this wage is established by presidential decree. The basic wage structure is set by a cross-classification of occupations and physical exertion levels, which determines relative minimum wages for various sectors. After a negotiating process, minimum wages can be set above the national minimum in profitable sectors. Wages in agriculture and industry were similar until 1991, when agricultural wages declined relative to average wage.
Plans call for the Ministry of Labor to be replaced by a State Corporation for Specialist Training, with the bulk of the ministry's nontraining functions to shift to the Ministry of Economy, Finance, and Banking. Those functions include oversight of unemployment, salary administration and minimum wage determination, and labor protection. There is no independent labor union movement in Turkmenistan. Trade union leaders are appointed by the president, meaning that no true collective bargaining can occur.
3.5 Turkmenistan Telecommunications
Turkmenistan Telecommunications
The telecommunications network remains underdeveloped and progress toward improvement is slow; strict government control and censorship inhibits liberalization and modernization.
Domestic: Turkmentelekom, in cooperation with foreign partners, has installed high-speed fiber-optic lines and has upgraded most of the country's telephone exchanges and switching centers with new digital technology; combined fixed-line and mobile teledensity is about 80 per 100 persons; Russia's Mobile Telesystems, the only foreign mobile-cellular service provider in Turkmenistan, had its operating license suspended in December 2010 but was able to resume operations in September 2012.
International: country code - 993; linked by fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; an exchange in Ashgabat switches international traffic through Turkey via Intelsat; satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 1 Intelsat (2012)
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Telephone Services |
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Is there an existing landline telephone network? (Yes / No) |
Yes
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Does it allow international calls? (Yes / No) |
Yes
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On average, number and length of downtime periods |
Nil | |
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Mobile phone providers (List) |
MTS | |
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Estimated availability and coverage (Approximate percentage of national coverage) |
n/a | |
For additional telecommunications information, please select the following document:
Turkmenistan Telecommunications Additional Information
Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.
Telecommunication Regulation
International Calls : linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other Commonwealth of Independent States republics and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscowinternational gateway switch; a new telephone link from Ashgabat to Iran has been established; a new exchange in Ashgabat switches international traffic through Turkey via Intelsat; satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 1 Intelsat
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Regulations |
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|---|---|---|
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Regulations on usage or import of: |
Yes / No |
Regulating Authority |
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Satellite |
Yes |
n/a |
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HF Radio |
Yes |
n/a |
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UHF/VHF/HF radio: handheld, base and mobile |
Yes |
n/a |
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UHF/VHF repeaters |
Yes |
n/a |
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GPS |
Yes |
n/a |
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VSAT |
Yes |
n/a |
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Individual Network Operator Licenses Required n/a Frequency Licenses Required The launch of the first Turkmen communication satellite is scheduled in 2014 for a 15 years lifetime and will be carried out using a Chang Zheng-3B (“Long March”) rocket. The satellite is currently under construction by the French Thales Alenia Space and is from the Spacebus 4000 family. Analog TV signal feed of 5 national channels are receivable over-the-air in all living areas across the country. Foreign TV channels are watched with digital satellite receiver. In some places of Ashgabat, cable service is available where satellite dishes are not allowed to be installed. List of broadcast stations:
All 7 of national channels are aired on Yamal satellitle for international audience. |
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3.6 Turkmenistan Food Suppliers, Accommodation and Other Markets
Turkmenistan Food Suppliers, Accommodation and Other Markets
In 2011 the president, Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov, raised wages, pensions and other social allowances by 10%. At the start of 2012 he authorised a similar increase in salaries and social spending as part of official plans to reduce poverty and improve living standards. As basic foodstuffs and utilities are heavily subsidised in Turkmenistan, consumers will have been less affected by the global increases in fuel and food costs in 2011, which eroded private consumption more forcefully in other countries in the region.
4.5 Turkmenistan Additional Service Providers
Main Food Suppliers
For information on supermarkets and local markets, please select the following document:
Turkmenistan Food Suppliers Additional Information
Accommodation
For a list of accommodation providers in Turkmenistan, please select the contact list highlighted above.