Ukraine
Ukraine - 2.3 Road Network

Overview

Ukraine’s advantageous geographical position makes it a hub for the transit of goods and passengers between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. International transport corridors passing through Ukraine reach a total length of over 5 thousand km.

Before the Russian invasion in 2022, the share of road transport in total cargo transportation was over 75% followed by rail with less than 19% (measured by tonnes transported). Passenger road transportation in 2021 was estimated at over 1500 million passengers, which is substantially higher than any other means of transportation (for comparison, rail transport is estimated at 81 million passengers).  

Today the country’s transportation infrastructure includes approximately 169,000 km of highways (165,000 km of which are roads with hard surfaces) covering the entire territory of the country. International roads account for about 5% of all roads in Ukraine. Smaller regional roads tend to have substantially worse pavement conditions with numerous potholes and other defects.

For many years road infrastructure was deteriorating. In 2019 more than 90% of roads in Ukraine were considered unfit for safe usage. In the following two years the road infrastructure renovation effort called “Large construction” started to actively renovate the roads with about 14 thousand km of roads built or restored in 2020 and 2021. After the start of the  invasion of the Russian troops in February of 2022 over 25,000 km of roads were destroyed due to hostilities (9,000 km of which are national highways). Over 340 road infrastructure objects such as bridges were destroyed and only 76 of them have been restored. Conditions of the roads that were not directly affected by the hostilities are also deteriorating due to a lack of adequate maintenance and increased pavement wear caused by the transportation of heavy military equipment.

It is expected that road construction and renovation efforts will be resumed after the war as adequate road infrastructure is pivotal for economic development.

The international transport corridors that pass through Ukraine include:

  • Pan-European Transport Corridor III, with the route Berlin – Wroclaw– Lviv – Kyiv and a length of 1640 km, from which 694 km are railways and 611 km are highways across Ukraine
  • Pan-European Transport Corridor V, which links Trieste and Lviv via Ljubljana, Budapest and Uzhhorod with a total length of 1595 km, from which 266 km of highways and 338.7 km of railways pass through Ukraine.
  • Pan European Transport Corridor IX, with a total length of 3400 km and a route passing through Helsinki – St. Petersburg – Vitebsk – Kyiv – Odesa – Plovdiv – Bucharest – Alexandroupolis. In Ukraine, Pan European Transport Corridor IX consists of 1496 km of railways and 996 km of highways.
  • Gdansk – Odesa International Transport Corridor, with a length of 1816 km and passing through Poland and Ukraine. In Ukraine, this international transport corridor consists of 918 km of railways and 1208 km of highways.

During the war transit through these transport corridors is impossible, but it is expected to restore after the end of the war.

 

Distance Matrix Between Cities of Ukraine:

City name

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

 

1

Vinnytsia

0

645

868

125

748

366

256

316

1057

382

360

471

 

2

Dnipro

645

0

252

664

81

901

533

294

394

805

975

343

 

3

Donetsk

868

252

0

858

217

1171

727

520

148

1111

1221

611

 

4

Zhytomyr

125

664

858

0

738

431

131

407

1182

257

423

677

 

5

Zaporizhzhia

748

81

217

738

0

1119

607

303

365

681

833

377

 

6

Ivano-Frankivsk

366

901

1171

431

1119

0

561

618

1402

328

135

747

 

7

Kyiv

256

533

727

131

607

561

0

298

811

388

550

490

 

8

Kropyvnytsyi

316

294

520

407

303

618

298

0

668

664

710

174

 

9

Luhansk

1057

394

148

1182

365

1402

811

668

0

1199

1379

857

 

10

Lutsk

382

805

1111

257

681

328

388

664

1199

0

152

780

 

11

Lviv

360

975

1221

423

833

135

550

710

1379

152

0

850

 

12

Mykolaiv

471

343

611

677

377

747

490

174

857

780

850

0

 

13

Odesa

428

468

731

557

497

627

489

294

977

856

970

120

 

14

Poltava

593

196

390

468

270

898

337

246

474

725

891

420

 

15

Rivne

311

957

1045

187

925

296

318

627

1129

70

232

864

 

16

Simferopol

844

446

591

803

365

1070

972

570

739

1052

1173

282

 

17

Sumy

602

430

706

477

477

908

346

506

253

734

896

681

 

18

Ternopil

232

877

1100

298

977

134

427

547

1289

159

128

754

 

19

Uzhhorod

575

1130

1391

671

1488

280

806

883

1539

413

261

999

 

20

Kharkiv

734

213

335

690

287

1040

478

387

333

866

1028

556

 

21

Kherson

521

376

560

624

297

798

551

225

806

869

1141

51

 

22

Khmelnytskyi

120

765

988

185

875

246

315

435

1177

263

240

590

 

23

Cherkasy

343

324

547

321

405

709

190

126

706

578

740

300

 

24

Chernivtsi

312

891

1141

389

957

143

538

637

1292

336

278

642

 

25

Chernihiv

396

672

867

271

747

701

149

363

951

949

690

640

 

 

 

 

 

City name

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

1

Vinnytsia

428

593

311

844

602

232

575

734

521

120

343

312

396

2

Dnipro

468

196

957

446

430

877

1130

213

376

765

324

891

672

3

Donetsk

731

390

1045

591

706

1100

1391

335

560

988

547

1141

867

4

Zhytomyr

557

468

187

803

477

298

671

690

624

185

321

389

271

5

Zaporizhzhia

497

270

925

365

477

977

1488

287

297

875

405

957

747

6

Ivano-Frankivsk

627

898

296

1070

908

134

280

1040

798

246

709

143

701

7

Kyiv

489

337

318

972

346

427

806

478

551

315

190

538

149

8

Kropyvnytsyi

294

246

627

570

506

547

883

387

225

435

126

637

363

9

Luhansk

977

474

1129

739

253

1289

1539

333

806

1177

706

1292

951

10

Lutsk

856

725

70

1052

734

159

413

866

869

263

578

336

949

11

Lviv

970

891

232

1173

896

128

261

1028

1141

240

740

278

690

12

Mykolaiv

120

420

864

282

681

754

999

556

51

590

300

642

640

13

Odesa

0

540

741

392

800

660

1009

831

171

548

420

515

529

14

Poltava

540

0

665

635

261

825

1149

141

471

653

279

892

477

15

Rivne

741

665

0

1157

664

162

484

805

834

193

508

331

458

16

Simferopol

392

635

1157

0

896

1097

1363

652

221

964

696

981

1112

17

Sumy

800

261

664

896

0

774

1138

190

732

662

540

883

350

18

Ternopil

660

825

162

1097

774

0

338

987

831

112

575

176

568

19

Uzhhorod

1009

1149

484

1363

1138

338

0

1299

1065

455

984

444

951

20

Kharkiv

831

141

805

652

190

987

1299

0

576

854

420

1036

608

21

Kherson

171

471

834

221

732

831

1065

576

0

641

351

713

691

22

Khmelnytskyi

548

653

193

964

662

112

455

854

641

0

463

190

455

23

Cherkasy

420

279

508

696

540

575

984

420

351

463

0

660

330

24

Chernivtsi

515

892

331

981

883

176

444

1036

713

190

660

0

695

25

Chernihiv

529

477

458

1112

350

568

951

608

691

455

330

695

0

                                 

 

Connection with the occupied territories

As of September 2023, about 20% of the Ukrainian territory is occupied by the Russian Federation. Active hostilities take place along the entire front line stretching over 1500 kms. No road connection between Ukraine and the occupied territories is currently possible.

 

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