Overview
Ukraine’s advantageous geographical position makes it a hub for the transit of goods and passengers between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. International transport corridors passing through Ukraine reach a total length of over 5 thousand km.
Before the Russian invasion in 2022, the share of road transport in total cargo transportation was over 75% followed by rail with less than 19% (measured by tonnes transported). Passenger road transportation in 2021 was estimated at over 1500 million passengers, which is substantially higher than any other means of transportation (for comparison, rail transport is estimated at 81 million passengers).
Today the country’s transportation infrastructure includes approximately 169,000 km of highways (165,000 km of which are roads with hard surfaces) covering the entire territory of the country. International roads account for about 5% of all roads in Ukraine. Smaller regional roads tend to have substantially worse pavement conditions with numerous potholes and other defects.
For many years road infrastructure was deteriorating. In 2019 more than 90% of roads in Ukraine were considered unfit for safe usage. In the following two years the road infrastructure renovation effort called “Large construction” started to actively renovate the roads with about 14 thousand km of roads built or restored in 2020 and 2021. After the start of the invasion of the Russian troops in February of 2022 over 25,000 km of roads were destroyed due to hostilities (9,000 km of which are national highways). Over 340 road infrastructure objects such as bridges were destroyed and only 76 of them have been restored. Conditions of the roads that were not directly affected by the hostilities are also deteriorating due to a lack of adequate maintenance and increased pavement wear caused by the transportation of heavy military equipment.
It is expected that road construction and renovation efforts will be resumed after the war as adequate road infrastructure is pivotal for economic development.
The international transport corridors that pass through Ukraine include:
- Pan-European Transport Corridor III, with the route Berlin – Wroclaw– Lviv – Kyiv and a length of 1640 km, from which 694 km are railways and 611 km are highways across Ukraine
- Pan-European Transport Corridor V, which links Trieste and Lviv via Ljubljana, Budapest and Uzhhorod with a total length of 1595 km, from which 266 km of highways and 338.7 km of railways pass through Ukraine.
- Pan European Transport Corridor IX, with a total length of 3400 km and a route passing through Helsinki – St. Petersburg – Vitebsk – Kyiv – Odesa – Plovdiv – Bucharest – Alexandroupolis. In Ukraine, Pan European Transport Corridor IX consists of 1496 km of railways and 996 km of highways.
- Gdansk – Odesa International Transport Corridor, with a length of 1816 km and passing through Poland and Ukraine. In Ukraine, this international transport corridor consists of 918 km of railways and 1208 km of highways.
During the war transit through these transport corridors is impossible, but it is expected to restore after the end of the war.
Distance Matrix Between Cities of Ukraine:
City name |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Vinnytsia |
0 |
645 |
868 |
125 |
748 |
366 |
256 |
316 |
1057 |
382 |
360 |
471 |
|
||
2 |
Dnipro |
645 |
0 |
252 |
664 |
81 |
901 |
533 |
294 |
394 |
805 |
975 |
343 |
|
||
3 |
Donetsk |
868 |
252 |
0 |
858 |
217 |
1171 |
727 |
520 |
148 |
1111 |
1221 |
611 |
|
||
4 |
Zhytomyr |
125 |
664 |
858 |
0 |
738 |
431 |
131 |
407 |
1182 |
257 |
423 |
677 |
|
||
5 |
Zaporizhzhia |
748 |
81 |
217 |
738 |
0 |
1119 |
607 |
303 |
365 |
681 |
833 |
377 |
|
||
6 |
Ivano-Frankivsk |
366 |
901 |
1171 |
431 |
1119 |
0 |
561 |
618 |
1402 |
328 |
135 |
747 |
|
||
7 |
Kyiv |
256 |
533 |
727 |
131 |
607 |
561 |
0 |
298 |
811 |
388 |
550 |
490 |
|
||
8 |
Kropyvnytsyi |
316 |
294 |
520 |
407 |
303 |
618 |
298 |
0 |
668 |
664 |
710 |
174 |
|
||
9 |
Luhansk |
1057 |
394 |
148 |
1182 |
365 |
1402 |
811 |
668 |
0 |
1199 |
1379 |
857 |
|
||
10 |
Lutsk |
382 |
805 |
1111 |
257 |
681 |
328 |
388 |
664 |
1199 |
0 |
152 |
780 |
|
||
11 |
Lviv |
360 |
975 |
1221 |
423 |
833 |
135 |
550 |
710 |
1379 |
152 |
0 |
850 |
|
||
12 |
Mykolaiv |
471 |
343 |
611 |
677 |
377 |
747 |
490 |
174 |
857 |
780 |
850 |
0 |
|
||
13 |
Odesa |
428 |
468 |
731 |
557 |
497 |
627 |
489 |
294 |
977 |
856 |
970 |
120 |
|
||
14 |
Poltava |
593 |
196 |
390 |
468 |
270 |
898 |
337 |
246 |
474 |
725 |
891 |
420 |
|
||
15 |
Rivne |
311 |
957 |
1045 |
187 |
925 |
296 |
318 |
627 |
1129 |
70 |
232 |
864 |
|
||
16 |
Simferopol |
844 |
446 |
591 |
803 |
365 |
1070 |
972 |
570 |
739 |
1052 |
1173 |
282 |
|
||
17 |
Sumy |
602 |
430 |
706 |
477 |
477 |
908 |
346 |
506 |
253 |
734 |
896 |
681 |
|
||
18 |
Ternopil |
232 |
877 |
1100 |
298 |
977 |
134 |
427 |
547 |
1289 |
159 |
128 |
754 |
|
||
19 |
Uzhhorod |
575 |
1130 |
1391 |
671 |
1488 |
280 |
806 |
883 |
1539 |
413 |
261 |
999 |
|
||
20 |
Kharkiv |
734 |
213 |
335 |
690 |
287 |
1040 |
478 |
387 |
333 |
866 |
1028 |
556 |
|
||
21 |
Kherson |
521 |
376 |
560 |
624 |
297 |
798 |
551 |
225 |
806 |
869 |
1141 |
51 |
|
||
22 |
Khmelnytskyi |
120 |
765 |
988 |
185 |
875 |
246 |
315 |
435 |
1177 |
263 |
240 |
590 |
|
||
23 |
Cherkasy |
343 |
324 |
547 |
321 |
405 |
709 |
190 |
126 |
706 |
578 |
740 |
300 |
|
||
24 |
Chernivtsi |
312 |
891 |
1141 |
389 |
957 |
143 |
538 |
637 |
1292 |
336 |
278 |
642 |
|
||
25 |
Chernihiv |
396 |
672 |
867 |
271 |
747 |
701 |
149 |
363 |
951 |
949 |
690 |
640 |
|
||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
City name |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
|||
1 |
Vinnytsia |
428 |
593 |
311 |
844 |
602 |
232 |
575 |
734 |
521 |
120 |
343 |
312 |
396 |
||
2 |
Dnipro |
468 |
196 |
957 |
446 |
430 |
877 |
1130 |
213 |
376 |
765 |
324 |
891 |
672 |
||
3 |
Donetsk |
731 |
390 |
1045 |
591 |
706 |
1100 |
1391 |
335 |
560 |
988 |
547 |
1141 |
867 |
||
4 |
Zhytomyr |
557 |
468 |
187 |
803 |
477 |
298 |
671 |
690 |
624 |
185 |
321 |
389 |
271 |
||
5 |
Zaporizhzhia |
497 |
270 |
925 |
365 |
477 |
977 |
1488 |
287 |
297 |
875 |
405 |
957 |
747 |
||
6 |
Ivano-Frankivsk |
627 |
898 |
296 |
1070 |
908 |
134 |
280 |
1040 |
798 |
246 |
709 |
143 |
701 |
||
7 |
Kyiv |
489 |
337 |
318 |
972 |
346 |
427 |
806 |
478 |
551 |
315 |
190 |
538 |
149 |
||
8 |
Kropyvnytsyi |
294 |
246 |
627 |
570 |
506 |
547 |
883 |
387 |
225 |
435 |
126 |
637 |
363 |
||
9 |
Luhansk |
977 |
474 |
1129 |
739 |
253 |
1289 |
1539 |
333 |
806 |
1177 |
706 |
1292 |
951 |
||
10 |
Lutsk |
856 |
725 |
70 |
1052 |
734 |
159 |
413 |
866 |
869 |
263 |
578 |
336 |
949 |
||
11 |
Lviv |
970 |
891 |
232 |
1173 |
896 |
128 |
261 |
1028 |
1141 |
240 |
740 |
278 |
690 |
||
12 |
Mykolaiv |
120 |
420 |
864 |
282 |
681 |
754 |
999 |
556 |
51 |
590 |
300 |
642 |
640 |
||
13 |
Odesa |
0 |
540 |
741 |
392 |
800 |
660 |
1009 |
831 |
171 |
548 |
420 |
515 |
529 |
||
14 |
Poltava |
540 |
0 |
665 |
635 |
261 |
825 |
1149 |
141 |
471 |
653 |
279 |
892 |
477 |
||
15 |
Rivne |
741 |
665 |
0 |
1157 |
664 |
162 |
484 |
805 |
834 |
193 |
508 |
331 |
458 |
||
16 |
Simferopol |
392 |
635 |
1157 |
0 |
896 |
1097 |
1363 |
652 |
221 |
964 |
696 |
981 |
1112 |
||
17 |
Sumy |
800 |
261 |
664 |
896 |
0 |
774 |
1138 |
190 |
732 |
662 |
540 |
883 |
350 |
||
18 |
Ternopil |
660 |
825 |
162 |
1097 |
774 |
0 |
338 |
987 |
831 |
112 |
575 |
176 |
568 |
||
19 |
Uzhhorod |
1009 |
1149 |
484 |
1363 |
1138 |
338 |
0 |
1299 |
1065 |
455 |
984 |
444 |
951 |
||
20 |
Kharkiv |
831 |
141 |
805 |
652 |
190 |
987 |
1299 |
0 |
576 |
854 |
420 |
1036 |
608 |
||
21 |
Kherson |
171 |
471 |
834 |
221 |
732 |
831 |
1065 |
576 |
0 |
641 |
351 |
713 |
691 |
||
22 |
Khmelnytskyi |
548 |
653 |
193 |
964 |
662 |
112 |
455 |
854 |
641 |
0 |
463 |
190 |
455 |
||
23 |
Cherkasy |
420 |
279 |
508 |
696 |
540 |
575 |
984 |
420 |
351 |
463 |
0 |
660 |
330 |
||
24 |
Chernivtsi |
515 |
892 |
331 |
981 |
883 |
176 |
444 |
1036 |
713 |
190 |
660 |
0 |
695 |
||
25 |
Chernihiv |
529 |
477 |
458 |
1112 |
350 |
568 |
951 |
608 |
691 |
455 |
330 |
695 |
0 |
||
Connection with the occupied territories
As of September 2023, about 20% of the Ukrainian territory is occupied by the Russian Federation. Active hostilities take place along the entire front line stretching over 1500 kms. No road connection between Ukraine and the occupied territories is currently possible.