The processing and management of waste is an on-going programme
within Indonesia. Currently there are only 10 cities which have
sewage treatment plants - Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Bandung,
Cirebon, Jakarta, Medan, Prapat, Surakarta, Tangerang, and
Yogyakarta. Development of further plants is on-going throughout
the country.
Waste management is carried out by both commercial and government
owned companies. Primarily, waste is collected locally by
individuals, then taken to a staging area where it is loaded onto a
truck. From this point it is then taken to a Tempat Pembuangan
Akhir (TPA) or landfill where it is dumped.
Recycling is done in small volumes in the country. Recyclable
materials are taken from the TPA site or direct from the point of
use to the recycling plants which are located throughout Indonesia.
These plants are usually located close to the TPA.
In Indonesia as defined in Law 32 in 2009 on the Protection and Management of the Environment, hazardous and toxic waste (B3) is a substance, energy, and / or other components due to the nature, concentration and / or amount, either directly or indirectly, can pollute, damage the environment, and / or can harm the environment, health, survival of humans and other living organisms. Other laws that relate to waste management are Government Regulation No. 18 /1999, No.85/1999 and Act No. 18 /2008. Although these laws govern the treatment of hazardous waste there is currently limited implementation. Primarily hazardous waste is dumped at the point of manufacture or where it is created. Medical waste is either disposed via incinerators on site at medical facilities or via registered waste companies.
There are currently limited systems available for the movement, treatment or recycling of grey/black water. Often this water is dumped at the point of use by the household or business.
Further information in regards to waste management in Indonesia can be found at -http://www.epa.gov/international/regions/Asia/taiwan/iemn-pdfs/indonesia.pdf
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