Manual Labour 

Manual labour is extensively used in the country by grain processors, in factories, in markets and by government institutions. Manual labourers work in cooperatives and their costs are charged 1 rwf per kilo or USD 1.5 per metric ton, particularly for packaged food. 

The operations of labourers are very restricted within these cooperatives, which also have their established areas of operations. As such movement of individuals from one place of work to another is guarded. Casual labour 1.45USD controversy rates at refugee camps range between 24,000rwf, or 23USD, per month.