Uzbekistan Fuel

The capital city Tashkent is the largest city in Central Asia and today Uzbekistan is rich in natural resources, including oil, gas, gold and uranium. In 2010, Uzbekistan was the largest producer of gas in Central Asia and ranked 14th worldwide.
Uzbekistan has five oil and gas bearing regions with proven industrial reserves namely the Ustyurt, Bukhara‐Khiva, Ghissar, Surkhandarya and Ferghana. Currently there are a total of 202 hydrocarbon sites in the country and the BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2011 lists proven reserves as 0.6 billion barrels of oil and 1.6 trillion cubic metres of natural gas. Uzbekistan is a sizable exporter of natural gas and the US State Department estimates that Uzbekistan exported 15.2 billion cubic metres of natural gas in 2009 and, as a share of total world natural gas production, Uzbekistan represented some 2% at the end of 2009. The US State Department estimates that natural gas exports are now the country's dominant source of foreign currency earnings (surpassing the role of the cotton industry). The gas pipeline infrastructure is well developed with some 13,000 km of gas pipelines at present. Gas is exported to Russia and Europe through the Bukhara‐Urals and Asia‐ Centre trunklines and, with the completion of the Central Asia ‐ China gas pipeline, gas exports eastwards will commence. Although Uzbekistan is primarily a gas producer, it also produces reasonable quantities of oil ‐ some 87,000 barrels per day, in 2010. Despite its significant existing oil and gas production, there are still large areas of Uzbekistan relatively underexplored, and significant existing deposits still available for investment and further co‐operation.

For information on Uzbekistan Fuel Company contact details, please see the following link: 

4.7 Uzbekistan Fuel Provider Contact List

For information on Uzbekistan Fuel additional details, please see the following document:

 Uzbekistan Fuel Data Table - Coal

Uzbekistan Fuel Data Table - Electricity

Uzbekistan Fuel Data Table - Natural Gas

Uzbekistan Fuel Data Table - Petroleum

Uzbekistan Fuel Data Table - Total Primary Energy

Uzbekistan Energy Additional Details

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

Fuel Pricing

Seasonal Variations 

Fuel Transportation

The Fuel distribution infrastructure is divided into three major segments; Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary. Collectively these systems employ tankers, barges, rail cars, tank trucks, thousands of miles of pipeline, and hundreds of storage terminals, and of course the refineries. By petroleum industry definition the Primary Distribution System includes oil gathering at the well head, transport to gathering tanks, crude oil storage, and refinery processing. The secondary system is downstream of the refinery and includes finished product pipelines and destination terminals. Product is moved to refinery finished product tankage for distribution into the product transportation network. This includes transfer to tanks for shipment into pipelines and for many refineries to tankage for loading waterborne cargoes (i.e. tankers or barges). The refined products pipeline system consists of approximately 72,000 miles of line and carries well over half of the gasoline to market. Product moved by pipeline, ship or barge is transported to bulk storage finished product terminals. A finished product terminal may consist of just a few small tanks storing perhaps 50,000 barrels or numerous tanks, both large and small, storing a combined total of millions of barrels of finished
product. It may in some cases be owned by an individual petroleum company, jointly operated by two or more companies, or it may be independently owned by a company whose sole purpose is the storage and outloading of their customers' products. Some terminals may store and distribute only gasoline or diesel. Larger terminals typically handle a full range of light products. Terminals may receive product by either pipeline, barge, ship, or rail or some combination
thereof. In addition, some terminals can receive product via transport truck. Terminals serving the
retail markets have one or more transport truck loading racks. There are hundreds of gasoline distribution terminals across the United States. From the finished product terminal, product is then distributed by transport tank truck to the retail outlets and, in some cases, to bulk plants. A small amount of product is also moved by rail.

Standards, Quality and Testing

Uzbekistan Transporters

Uzbekistan’s road transport system moves 10% of the international cargo that passes through the country. It also moves 88% of Uzbekistan’s domestic passenger and short haul cargo traffic. Uzbekistan’s 83,000-kilometer (km) highway system, about 90% of which is paved, is strategically important to its neighbors as transit routes for interregional and intra-regional transport. As an example, Uzbek roads provide a year-round linkage between northern and southern Tajikistan. Most of the 1,500 km of highways the consultant traveled in are in fairly good condition and can be classified as Class 1 or Class 2 under Asian highway standards. However, roads in the country are constructed based on former Soviet Union (FSU) standards and thus may not be able to handle large amounts of heavy truck traffic. Many highway sections traversed regularly by heavy trucks have crumbled pavements and a substantial number of potholes. Also, arterial roads and city streets are generally in poor condition. This is mainly the result of insufficient maintenance work, with the budget for maintaining primary roads remaining inadequate.
The Uzbek trucking industry is underdeveloped. It is estimated that there are fewer than 2,000 Uzbek trucks, most consisting of old Russian equipment. Meanwhile, foreign-owned trucks, mostly those from Turkey, Iran, and the Russian Federation, are in much better condition. Large numbers of foreign competitors are taking business away from local trucking companies in Uzbekistan.

For information on Uzbekistan Transporters company contact details, please see the following link:

4.8 Uzbekistan Transporter Contact List

Uzbekistan Additional Service Providers: Vehicle Rental, Taxi Companies, Freight Forwarding Agents, Handling Equipment, Power Generation and ISPs

For information on Uzbekistan Additional Service Provider contact details, please see the following link: 

4.9 Uzbekistan Additional Service Provision Contact List

Vehicle Rental

For information on Uzbekistan vehicle rental prices, please see the following docuement: 

Uzbekistan Vehicle Rental Price List

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

Taxi Companies

Taxis and cars for rent are available in all the major towns and cities of Uzbekistan. They are a good option for getting around and the only option when traveling at night. Official cabs are recommended, but visitors will most often find unlicensed cabs. At any rate, you should always agree on a price before getting in. There are a number of cab companies whose vehicles can be rented by phone. 
Sared taxis are also available. While not the most comfortable or the most reliable form of transportation, they offer a local experience for travelers. On some routes, such as Khiva to Urgench or Bukhara, Nukus or Khiva, shared taxis may be the only local transport available. Travelers need to ask around the taxi ranks to find a taxi which is heading to their destination. Schedules are not fixed and fares aren’t set in stone, so travelers need to be patient and negotiate with the driver.
There are no car rental agencies in the country. You can rent a car, but it will essentially be a cab with a driver. Bringing your own car is possible but travelers are advised to check travel restrictions with regard to driving as some areas, such as Termez and the Surkhandarya region, require a special permit from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tashkent. While Uzbekistan is connected by road to its neighbors, not all borders are safe to cross and some are indeed closed. It is always best to check beforehand. Generally, an International Driving Permit is required for driving in Uzbekistan along with valid insurance from your home country. Driving is on the right. Seatbelts are not required.
Buses are only recommended for the most adventurous of foreign travelers. Many local buses are old and rickety, and keep unreliable schedules, running very slowly and breaking down often. Newer, more comfortable private buses are slowly emerging. However, schedules are still unreliable as most operators readily throw away the timetable to wait for more passengers. Personal provisions such as toilet paper and reliable, clean food must be taken with you when traveling by bus as journey can be long.

Freight Forwarding Agents

Uzbekistan’s logistics sector is composed of a diverse group of freight forwarders and logistics companies, including local firms and those from the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Germany, Switzerland, the Republic of Korea, and the PRC. These companies offer mostly traditional forwarding and warehousing services. Supply chain management and third-party logistics services are still at an embryonic stage of development in the country.

Electricity and Power 

The Power Industry of Uzbekistan operates in the framework of the State Joint Stock Company ”Uzbekenergo”, established in the form of open joint stock company including the Coal Industry enterprises since 2001.
The company structure includes 53 enterprises and organizations, including 39 open joint-stock companies, 11 unitary enterprises, 2 societies with limited liability and company branch-“Energosotish”.
At present, all enterprises affiliated the company structure and being the subject for privatization already denationalized except two.
In accordance with Decree NoPP-407 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 10.07.2006 “On extension of privatization process 2006-2008”, the privatization of unitary enterprise “Talimardjan TPP” is planned for 2007, and privatization of unitary enterprise “Tashkent TPP” is planned for 2008.
As for now, the company performs the centralized electric power supply of national economy and population, and also sale of thermal energy to industrial and domestic consumers in distinct cities of the Republic.
During the economic reform years, the Power Industry’s enterprises annually generate up to 48bln.kW/h of electric power and more than 10 mln. Gcal of thermal power that fully meet the economic and population demand of the country.
The installed capacity of Power Plants of Uzbekistan exceeds 12,3 mln. kW equal to 50% of all generating capacities of the Interconnected Power System of Central Asia.
SJSC ”Uzbekenergo”, having the 39 Power Plants of total installed capacity 12,0 mln. kW is actually the key producer and supplier of electric power in the Republic. The share of Department Power Plants in the structure of generated capacities produces not less than 3% (320MW).
The installed capacity of Power Plants is enough to meet the growing demand consumption of the Republic, for implementation of export power supply commitments and keeping the energy security of the country.
The Thermal Power Plants of total capacity 10,6mln. kW is the base of the Power System of Uzbekistan. The power units of capacity from 150 to 800 MW each are set up at 5 big Thermal Power Plants.
These are such a big Thermal Power Plants as Talimardjan, Syr-darya, Novo-Angren and
Tashkent TPP’s generating over 85% of electric power.
All Hydro Power Plants of the company in general are united into cascades of HPP’s and operate based on waterway. The largest HPPs are located in the upper of Chirchik river (Charvak HPP, Khodjikent HPP, Gazalkent HPP) and have the water storage basins allowing to operate in regulation capacity mode.
For power generation at TPP’s the gas share usage is 90,8%, mazut is 5,3% and coal is 3,9%. This tendency shall be keeping in the nearest future, gas remains as the main fuel and the share of coal increases up to 10-12% in fuel balance.
The power transmission and distribution are fulfilled by means of power transmission lines of 0,4-500kV to all consumers of the Republic.
The extension of power transmission lines are over 235 thousand km. All consumers are connected to centralized power supply system.
The arrangement of power transmission lines of 220-500kV with 7,5 thousand km extension provides the stable operation of power system, the transmission of power from the Power Plants to the load centre, passing supply of power to the cross-boarder countries.
The most branched power transmission lines are the distributing mains of 0,4- 6- 10 kV. Through the distributing mains the power supply effected to the customers of the Republic.
It is worthwhile to say that the main volume of power supply accrued to industrial enterprises, agricultural consumers and population. The share of annual power consumption along the Republic is 1940kW/h per capita.

For infpormation on Uzbekistan Power and Electricity additional information, please see the following documents: 

Uzbekistan Structure of Electric Power Consumption in 2006

Uzbekistan Structure of Installed Capacities of Power Plants

Uzbekistan Electricity and Power Additional Information

 Uzbekistan Electricity Price information

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

There were over 9 million Internet users in Uzbekistan as of 19 March 2012, according to Uzbekistan's Agency for Communications and Information (UzACI). The "Uzbek Internet" is sometimes called "Uznet", akin to Runet. The country code (top level domain) for Uzbekistan is .uz

For information on Uzbekistan ISP providers, please see the following link: Uzbekistan Golden Pages Website

For information on Uzbekistan Additional Service Provider contact details, please see the following link: 

4.9 Uzbekistan Additional Service Provision Contact List

Uzbekistan Manual Labour Costs

Literacy in Uzbekistan is almost universal, and workers are generally well-educated and trained accordingly in their respective fields. Most local technical and managerial training does not meet international business standards, but foreign companies engaged in production report that locally hired workers learn quickly and work effectively. The government emphasizes foreign education. In 2009 Turin Polytechnik University was opened. It is the only university in Central Asia that prepares high quality employees for industries. With the closing or downsizing of many foreign firms, it is relatively easy to find qualified employees, though salaries are very low by Western standards. Salary caps, which the government implements in an apparent attempt to prevent firms from circumventing restrictions on withdrawal of cash from banks, prevent many foreign firms from paying their workers as much as they would like. Labor market regulations in Uzbekistan are similar to those of the Soviet Union, with all rights guaranteed but some rights unobserved. Unemployment is a growing problem, and the number of people looking for jobs in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Southeast Asia is increasing each year. Uzbekistan's Ministry of Labor does not publish information on Uzbek citizens working abroad, but Russia's Federal Migration Service reports 2.5 million Uzbek migrant workers in Russia. There are also indications of up to 1 million Uzbek migrants working illegally in Kazakhstan.Uzbekistan's migrant workers may thus be around 3.5-4 million people, or a staggering 25% of its labor force of 14.8 million. The U.S. Department of State also estimates that between three and five million Uzbek citizens of working age live outside Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan Telecommunications 

For information on Uzbekistan Telecommunications contact details, please see the following link: 

4.9 Uzbekistan Additional Service Provision Contact List

Telecommunications networks in Uzbekistan are largely based on Soviet-built infrastructure but with many modern additions, making the country one of the leading in the region in terms of informational development.
In 2012, the telecommunications services volume grew by 22.5% year-on-year in Uzbekistan. The amount of broadband ports installed totalled 378,000 across the country at the end of 2012, up by 55.5% year-on-year. The number of ports in active use was 202,700 up by 37.2%. A total of 1,576 km of fibre optic backbone lines were deployed across the country in the same year.

There are digital exchanges in large cities and rural areas.
The main line telecommunications system is dilapidated and telephone density is low. The state-owned telecommunications company, Uzbektelecom, has used loans from the Japanese government and the China Development Bank to improve mainline services. The completion of conversion to digital exchanges was in 2010. Mobile services are growing rapidly, with the subscriber base reaching 25 million in 2011.
Uzbekistan is linked by fiber-optic cable or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch. After the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable,[3] Uzbekistan plans to establish a fiber-optic connection to Afghanistan
Currently, Uzbekistan has four AM stations, 12 FM stations, and three shortwave stations. Additionally, as of 1997, there are an estimated 10.2 million radios in use in Uzbekistan.
Uzbekistan has 28 television broadcast stations. This includes one cable rebroadcaster in Taskent and approximately 20 stations in regional capitals

Telecommunication Regulation

For a long time Uzbekistan’s telecom infrastructure remained outmoded and inadequate. The country has been struggling to bring its telecommunications system up to the standard found in developed markets. Nevertheless, over the last decade or so, the situation has been gradually improving. This has in part been due to the government’s decision to give national priority to Information and Communications Technologies. Consequently there has been an upward trend in the country’s telecom market, with increased investment in infrastructure, expanding subscriber bases and rising revenues. The government’s strategic policy was to privatise the incumbent operator Uzbektelecom and to open the market to competition in accordance with the country’s aim to join the World Trade Organization (WTO).
The telecom sector has been regulated by the Uzbek Agency for Communications and Information (UzACI) since the creation of the agency in 2002/2003. In 2005 the UzACI approved a telecommunications investment program for the period 2005-2010. Among other things, the program aimed to increase the total number of fixed lines to 2.2 million and achieve 100% digitalisation of the network by 2010. The fixed line subscriber target was not achieved with subscriber numbers still languishing below 1.9 million. And only about two-thirds of the network was digital by 2007, but by March 2009 this has been lifted sharply to 89%, according to the Uzbek Agency for Communications and Information, and effectively achieved the target by end-2010. In the meantime fixed teledensity was stuck on around 7%. The five year telecom investment program also aimed at accomplishing marked improvements in mobile telephone and internet penetration. By 2011 both these segments of the market had shown significantly gains, with the mobile market in particular having expanded rapidly over the five years. Subscriber numbers had jumped from around one million to 21 million over the plan period. Funding for the investment program was provided by loans and foreign investment, the internal resources of operators and providers, as well as from government funding.

For information on Uzbekistan Telecommunications additional information, please see the following document: 

Uzbekistan Telecommunications Regulations Additional Information

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

Uzbekistan Food Suppliers, Accommodation and Other Markets

For information on Uzbekistan Food suppliers, Accomodation and Other Markets contact details, please see the following link: 

4.9 Uzbekistan Additional Service Provision Contact List