Overview

The N'Djamena Refining Company is 60% owned by CNPC and 40% by Chad through the SHT. SRN, whose construction cost is estimated at 1 billion US $, was commissioned in 2011 and has a processing capacity of 20,000 barrels per day. Refinery products include gas oil, gasoline, jet A1, kerosene, gas liquefied petroleum, heavy fuel oil and polypropylene.

• Essence: is mainly used as fuel for automobiles and motorcycles. The sales of gasoline produced by the SRN reached approximately 240 million liters over the year 2012.

• Gas oil: mainly used for electricity generation by SNE and industry public works, diesel represents the main source of energy in Chad. The sales of diesel fuel produced by the SRN reached about 300 million liters in 2012.

• Liquefied Petroleum Gas (GPL): commonly used as cooking fuel in replacement of wood and charcoal. GPL can however have several other applications not yet exploited in Chad, such as soil conditioning, weeding fields, pest control without chemicals, drying of agricultural products (cotton, cereals, onions), as a fuel substitute to reduce production costs and emissions, or as a refrigerant.

• Jet A1: used as fuel for airplanes. Its request is largely dependent on-air Transport.

• Lamp oil (or petroleum distillate): is intended for oil lamps whose combustion is by wick.

• Heavy fuel: has characteristics like those of diesel, and is used in Chad mainly as fuel for SNE's thermal power stations.

• Household consumption: kerosene for lighting, GPL as energy of cooking, gasoline and diesel for the car fleet, and diesel fuel has a lesser supply of generators;

• Transport and construction sector: diesel fuel as a source of energy for the car fleet and public works equipment;

• Electricity production: gas oil and heavy fuel oil as power source of power plants thermal;

• Air transport: Jet A1.

The regulations fix subsidies and the percentage of government revenue for each product type. VAT represents 100% of total tax revenue. The following fees are included in the non-tax charges: the sector regulation fee (ARSAT), the FER fee (Road Maintenance Fund) and ADAC fee (Civil Aviation Authority).

The price of gasoil tax is higher than that of gasoline. However, his contribution revenue is the lowest. Indeed, 5.5% of the price of diesel incomes of revenue from the state against 13.84% for gasoline and 13.23% for Jet A1. The small business is disadvantaged because it does not actually use diesel (eg taxis run on gasoline). However, SNE's thermal power plants run on diesel fuel; as well as the equipment of public works and the transport of goods (trucks).

For information on Chad Fuel company contact details, please see the following links:

4.2.5 Chad Fuel Provider Contact List

Fuel Pricing

Seasonal Variations 

Fuel Transportation

The Chadian Petroleum Corporation (SHT) is the Chadian national oil company, created in July 2006. The Chad Hydrocarbons Corporation (SHT) is a national company whose purpose is the exploration, development, production and transport by pipeline of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, refining, transportation, storage and distribution of finished products and the marketing of hydrocarbons. It also carries out studies related to its activities, training and the promotion of its national staff necessary to control all aspects of the hydrocarbons sector.

For information on Chad additional service provider contact details, please see the following link: 

4.7 Chad Additional Service Provision Contact List

Vehicle Rental

Two reliable car rental agencies in Chad are listed below. There are numerous other small companies in N’djamena. 

Taxi Companies

There are no taxi companies in Chad. Taxi market is managed by individuals. Average price from N’Djamena Airport to city (5-10 min): approx. 5000 CFA. Average price for normal run in city: 2500 CFA. It is not recommended to travel by taxi except with taxis validated by FSO (UN agencies) or security officer (for NGOs). Most of NGO’s and UN agencies have their own list of taxi driver that can be called anytime and reliable.

Freight Forwarding Agents

Some forwarding agents already used by some UN agencies and some NGO’s for custom clearance are provided in the contact list. This list is not complete, many others can be found.

Handling Equipment 

Handling equipment are usually provided by forwarding agents. They rent handling machine through private company (SDV for example).

Rental cost

• Handling equipment 7 MT : 60,000 CFA / h
• Handling equipment 10 MT can be rented also in Abeche airport, handling equipments must be negotiated through French Army (epervier) and price to be discussed.

Electricity and Power 

As of January 2004, Chad had 30 megawatts (MW) of installed electricity generating capacity, of which 100 percent was conventional thermal. In 2004, the country generated 0.09 billion kilowatthours (Bkwh) of electricity, while consuming 0.09 Bkwh. Generation and consumption of electricity in Chad have increased by 22 percent in the last 20 years. The small increase is due to a lack of investment in the electricity sector. Only a small portion (2 percent) of Chad’s population has access to electricity. The vast majority of Chadians rely on biomass fuels, such as wood and animal dung. ON 84 cities in Chad , only 16 have a reliable network.
Generation and distribution of electricity in Chad are handled by the state-run Société Tchadienne d’Eau et d’Electricité (STEE).

Conventional thermal capacity comprises all of Chad’s power supply. Four generators, which are fueled by oil imported from Nigeria and Cameroon, make up the country’s only major power station (22 MW). The plant is located in N’Djamena, where approximately nine percent of households have electricity. The high cost of importing petroleum to fuel power generation makes Chad’s electricity prices among the highest in the world. World Bank loans to develop the electricity sector have focused on sustainable energy ($5.3 million) and equipment refurbishment ($55 million).
Additional efforts to increase electricity generation in Chad have not made much progress. Attempts to utilize oil from the Sedigi field in electricity generation have been unsuccessful, partly due to a malfunctioning pipeline between Sedigi and N’Djamena. In the short-term, both Libya and France have provided generators to increase Chadian electricity supply, and Libya has offered to export electricity to the country.

According to Oil and Gas Journal (OGJ), Chad had proven oil reserves of 1.5 billion barrels as of January 2006. International oil companies first discovered oil in the early 1970s in southern Chad in the Doba and Lake Chad basins. Industry experts still consider Chad under-explored, with a high probability of locating new reserves in the future. In 2006, Chad produced approximately 170,000 barrels per day (bbl/d) of oil and is a net exporter of petroleum, since the country only consumed approximately 25,000 bbl/d of oil in 2006. Oil exported from landlocked Chad is transported via the Chad-Cameroon pipeline, which ends at Cameroon’s Kribi terminal. Chad has no proven natural gas reserves, and it neither produces natural gas nor consumes natural gas.

For information on Chad Power and Electiricity additional details, please see the following links:

L'Energie dans le Monde Wesbite on Chad

US Energy Informaiton Administration

Electricity in Chad is produced by 4 old thermal plants, exclusively using imported fuel. Production is way under the population’s demand. Chad has a big potential in wind-powered electricity but not experimented yet. Gauthiot Falls, in southern Chad, offers also a good potential for hydroelectric production, estimated around 24 to 45 GWh by year. Not used yet. Gasoil is entirely imported from Cameroon and Nigeria. Distribution network is very limited and mainly composed of 3 networks that are not interconnected in N’Djamena, Shar Mouduo and Abeche. In 2002, Chad had approx 19 171 subscribers to STEE (75 % in N’djamena). Daily supply is often interrupted. Electricity cost is extremely high due to imported fuel and difficulty to supply from Cameroon and Nigeria. All humanitarian actors use generator in order to avoid lack of electricity

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

NOTE: V Sat everywhere, others Internet services mostly N’Djamena

For information on ISP provider companies, please see the following document:

Chad Telecommunications Provider Additional Details

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

For information on Chad additional service porivder contact details, please see the following link: 

4.7 Chad Additional Service Provision Contact List

The external sector of Chad shows a positive balance since 2000 outside the years 2001, 2003, 2009 and 2012. This situation shows that Chad has a beneficial relationship with the rest of the world. This profit is supported by the capital and operations account largely dependent on capital transfers and direct investment foreigners (IDE). The current account of the balance of payments shows a negative balance since 2000, in view of the high bill paid by Chad for the services received and the repatriation of corporate profits to external capital. The trade balance is deficient, reflecting the non-competitiveness of export products. The exchange rate currency is strictly a function the Euro.

As per World Bank calculation, Chad's average monthly per capita income is $ 62, or $ 740 per capita per year. In 2016 in Chad, the payroll of civil and military personnel of the State amounts to 370 billion CFA (for 123 073 agents).

Salaries really differ from an organization to another, depending on financial capacities (between NGOs, UN agencies, donors, private sector and government entities).
For WFP transport operation rates to pay daily workers is included in the transport rate as per contract.

2017 - Minimum salary: Fr CFA 60000 per month

The Guaranteed Minimum Internal Salary (SMIG) is fixed and modified by a mixed joint commission composed in equal numbers of representatives of the employers and trade union organizations signatory or adherent to an agreement (general collective agreement applicable to workers of the Republic of Chad). This commission is chaired by the Directorate of Labor, Employment and Social Security.

2012 - As per WB salary in Chad:

2018, January 31 - News:

The unions have started an indefinite strike. The issue is a decline in the salaries of civil servants. The country is experiencing a serious economic crisis linked to the vertiginous drop in the price of a barrel of oil. Chad hopes to refloat out the state boxes.

Salaries will be reduced by 10 to 40% depending on the categories. The reason for this decline: an economic crisis that the government can no longer cope with. The price of a barrel of oil fell dramatically. The salary scale of the civil servants will thus adapt to the years "before oil". That's 15 years back. But the price of foodstuffs of first necessity has increased, taxes too, the price of fuel at the pump, etc.

For information on Chad telecommunication contact details and duty descriptions , please see the following links:

4.7 Chad Additional Service Provision Contact List

Chad Telecommunications Provider Additional Details

Chad Zain Coverage Map

The recent discovery of oil, resulting in a 38% GDP growth, is set to bring Chad some of the foreign investment it urgently needs to upgrade its telecom facilities and other infrastructure. The country has some of the world's lowest penetration rates for fixed-line, mobile and Internet services. Competition exists only in the mobile sector. Despite impressive growth, one of the then two mobile networks in the country ceased operations in mid-2004 due to an unresolved dispute with the government, but a third licence was awarded in November of the same year with operations commencing in October 2005. Internet usage increased fourfold in 2004. Other expected developments moving into 2006 include the partial privatisation of the national operator, Sotel Tchad.

Exact numbers of subscribers for landline and mobile network is: 13 000 subscribers for landline, 4 000 for Tawali (SOTEL mobile telephone network) and 830.000 for both mobile telephone operators (530 000 for Celtel / Zain and 300 000 for Tigo)
Landline phone network is managed by SOTEL Tchad and is satisfactory. Communications are good and reliable. Hacking of lines and communications is possible.

Telecommunication Regulation

OTRT is attached to the Ministry of Post and was created by law 09/PR/98 of August 17th 1998. All telecommunication equipments’ imports are subjected to acceptance by Ministry of Interior and Public Security and technical agreement by OTRT (via Ministry of Post).
Are concerned all HF / VHF / VSAT equipment. Though many NGOs and local authority use some, Thuraya Satellite Telephone is NOT ALLOWED in Chad.

NOTE: Procedures for the importation of ICT Equipment:

Import permit request to the Ministry of Interior and Public Security, addressed to the Minister, with detailed specifications (brand, technical spec.) and place where will be used (program, location). Request is given to the Ministry of Post, technical consent by OTRT. Ministry of Post gives agreement letter to the Ministry of Interior and Public Security that gives an import authorization. For VSAT, Ministry of Post also takes a decree to authorize use of equipment. (valid also for local purchase)

For information on Chad frequency licences additional details, please see the following document: 

Chad Additional information on Frequency Licenses

Note: The information provided in the attached documents, which has been taken from the old DLCA, does not match the structure of the new LCA and is therefore provided separately.

Existing Humanitarian Telecoms Systems 

For information on Food Suppliers, Accomodation and Other Market contact details, please see the following link: 

4.7 Chad Additional Service Provision Contact List

Main Food Suppliers

In Chad, sugar, cereals as millet (sorghum), rice and peanuts are produced locally, mainly for family subsistence in the south part of the country. Due to lack of storage infrastructure and organizational structure, the trading of cereals is hardly practiced by local population. In addition, lack of road infrastructures makes the handling and transport of cereals very costly.
However, commercial quantities of rice can be found, but at very high cost. The table below shows some examples of rice prices practiced in Chad.

Overview

The President of the Republic of Chad wants to make Chad "an emerging regional power to the 2025 horizon, driven by diversified and sustainable sources of growth, creators of jobs, and ensuring that every Chadian has adequate access to basic social services, decent housing and an adequate supply of training. "This" Vision 2025 "looks very ambitious when compared to Chad's current situation and reputation: a country emerging from a very long civil war that paralyzed any attempt at sustainable development, is shaken recurrent food crises and pervasive poverty. And a country that is ranks at the bottom of international indices on business climate and governance.

However, there is another Chad that is emerging that is more in tune with the vision of the President of the country. It is the country which, finally at peace, invests the revenues of its new resources in schools and universities, hospitals, roads and agro-pastoral equipment, and which creates decentralized democratic institutions. For the first time in recent history, the Government puts the private sector and foreign trade at the center of its concerns in its National Development Plan 2013 - 2015. The explanation is convincing: the oil industry will end one day and is not already creating enough jobs for the youth who has higher aspirations than previous generations because she is better educated. The engine of development must be diversified with production and exports, the on-site resource transformation and significant investment outside the sector foreign oil companies, Chadian contractors and the State.
For more information on company contact details, please see the following link: 

Additional Services Contact List

https://www.lespagesjaunesafrique.com/pays/tchad/

Accommodation

The role of tourist establishments in the economic development of Chad is considered as crucial, the country wishing to engage in a process of promotion and development of ecotourism, legitimate wish since the country is today almost empty. Although hotel capacity has more than doubled between 2009 and 2012, it has only increased from 25 to 81 hotels/ Guest Houses/ Lodges. 62 of them are located in N'Djamena and 19 are located in the main cities of the country (Moundou, Sarh, Doba and Abéché). Five international channels are present in N'Djamena: Kempinski, Novotel La Tchadienne, Le Meridien Chari, the Hilton and the Radisson. When big meetings happen in the city, N'Djamena cannot accommodate the participants who take part by lack of appropriate rooms to hold the clientele.

The hostels are more numerous than the hotels but have a capacity of reception lower; this is partly due to the fact that the construction investment is less, the capacity of a hostel cannot exceed 12 rooms, the amount of different taxes is less high and provides a better break-even point. There are theoretically 5 camps but in reality, only that of Bahr Tinga, managed by African Parks Network in the Park National Zakouma, works. Today, without a structured offer, the price of rooms and associated benefits in the capital and in the provinces, is very high, which considerably stop national tourism.

Around tourist sites, there are almost no accommodation establishments nor restaurant. There are only 52 restaurants in the city of N'Djamena, and another 14 are in the main cities of the country.

Chadian tourism continues to be heavily penalized by land tenure issues, taxation, the financing of new infrastructures and vocational training. He suffers concentration of promotional and servicing efforts on a single tourist theme, the BET. To enable Chad to build a plural offer and attract different types of tourists, it is also important to diversify the existing offer, through products and innovative activities and valuing local wealth.

Electricity and Power

Chad has a large deficit in the production of electricity and continues to depend on diesel fuel for most of the electricity produced in the country. But this situation is changing with investment in power plants

solar photovoltaic. In N'Djamena and elsewhere, investments in power plants and electricity distribution networks are under way to alleviate this situation.

Chad has significant potential for renewable energy, which needs to be developed to national development service. Chad also has natural gas deposits that are starting to be exploited. The prices of electricity are very high, but with the Djermaya refinery and the projects of modernization and expansion of electricity distribution networks in N'Djamena and in some cities, the price of the diesel that supplies these plants has to go down. It remains to be seen whether production meets national demand.

The Ministry of Oil and Energy recognizes the importance of renewable energies but lack of capacity for the implementation of the projects developed in the Master Plan of the energy sector. It also suffers from a lack of modern tools of management and organization, because of the Ministry's very low level of computerization and the lack of reliable connectivity and broadband Internet. The human capacity of the Department suffers accordingly. The creation of a Renewable Energy Development Agency is planned.

A master plan guides the development of the electric power sector. This scheme is complete, with the exception of issues relating to energy efficiency and type "cleantech." Interconnection of Central African countries evolves through the "Pool Central Africa", but the electrical integration seems more dynamic in other sub regions of Africa. The legal texts for the organization of the sector in Chad are in Review. The regulator will be part of the Ministry and will not be autonomous. The policies of the Government give a role to private operators in the production and distribution of electrical energy, which will encourage investors. The electricity market in Chad is therefore open.

Financial Services

All financial services available in Chad including ATM.

Clearing and Forwarding Agents

Customs approved agents are usually the real one’s supply chain organizers. They are auxiliaries of the administration Customs, and handle all customs clearance procedures. When they get a door to door contract, they are called freight forwarders, having previously obtained a license from the CEMAC, as a condition sine qua non for the exercise of their activity. Transit structures more important are present throughout the chain (under other trades such as shipowners, stevedores, etc.) and to the main links such as ports and/or logistics. These are structures of Cameroonian or Chadian law based in Cameroon with or without a representative office in either country. Within the enclosure of the Nguéli platform, office spaces were set up for the transit facilities, to facilitate collaboration with other actors, especially customs through a continuous presence.

According to the customs services, there are more than 125 entities, including nearly 10% of the volume of transit transactions and more than 90% of the value corresponding. The rest of the agents are of varying sizes, with or without offices. The subcontracting in the form of collaboration between them in customs clearance and transit is a regular practice. It is mainly the custom agents to use the forwarding agent for the signature and validation of the final documents of the customs clearance, after the C&F agent has conducted all the antecedent steps of the custom process.

Handling Equipment

The market is supplied with handling and/or heavy equipment but the only providers known is Bollore Africa Logistics with one crane of 60 Mt and different size of forklifts 4, 12 and 12 Mt if needed to rent. Other providers are selling equipment only.

Chad custom has just received four mobile scanners. Training for 21 agents is on-going.

Postal and Courier Services

The postal system offers express mail service along with the international courier service (EMS), but domestic service is unreliable. Utilities are expensive and unreliable in the capital and practically non-existent in the rest of the country.

Printing and Publishing

Several companies in the country mainly in Ndjamena.

Taxi Companies

Taxi, Moto-Taxis, Bus & 4X4

• Taxis in N'Djamena

Compared to those of the West, taxis in Chad are extremely cheap but they are not in a very good condition. For public races, the price is 250 F CFA = 0.38 Euro. And for private races, the price is negotiable, it varies from 1500 to 2500 F CFA = 3 to 4 €.

• Motorcycle taxis

Moto-Taxis (commonly known as "Clando") are more concentrated in the southern cities of the country. Their prices are cheaper than those of taxis car. We can distinguish them from other bikers wearing their yellow "jackets" which have the name of their municipality, their name and number.

• For inter-urban links

Buses and 4x4 travel in all interurban areas. The "Voyageur Stations" are open from 07:30 to 18:00. It is not necessary to book a ticket in advance. The price of transport varies from 1000 F CFA to 35 000 F CFA (=> 1.50 Euro to 53 Euro). The price never exceeds 35,000 FCFA for traveling.

Vehicle Rental

Many companies in the country mainly in Ndjamena.

Disclaimer: Inclusion of company information in the LCA does not imply any business relationship between the supplier and WFP / Logistics Cluster, and is used solely as a determinant of services, and capacities.

Please note: WFP / Logistics Cluster maintain complete impartiality and are not in a position to endorse, comment on any company's suitability as a reputable service provider.